Neurophysiological hyperresponsivity to sensory input in autism spectrum disorders
| Autor: | John A. Sweeney, Stormi P. White, Yukari Takarae, Savanna R. Sablich |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Neurology genetic structures Cognitive Neuroscience Autism Sensory system Stimulus (physiology) Pathology and Forensic Medicine 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine mental disorders medicine 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Sensory cortex Contrast sensitivity Research 05 social sciences Neuropsychology Neurophysiology medicine.disease medicine.anatomical_structure Sensory hypersensitivity Autism spectrum disorder Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Individual differences Neurology (clinical) Heterogeneity Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery 050104 developmental & child psychology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| ISSN: | 1866-1955 1866-1947 |
| Popis: | Background Atypical sensory processing is a common clinical observation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neural hyperexcitability has been suggested as the cause for sensory hypersensitivity, a frequently reported clinical observation in ASD. We examined visual evoked responses to parametric increases in stimulus contrast in order to model neural responsivity of sensory systems in ASD. Methods Thirteen high-functioning individuals with ASD and 12 typically developing (TD) individuals completed a steady-state visual evoked potential study. Stimuli were vertical circular gratings oscillating at 3.76 Hz at varying contrasts (5, 10, 20,…, 90 % contrast, 10 levels). The average spectral power at the stimulus oscillation frequency was calculated for each contrast level. Results The magnitude of evoked sensory responses increased at a significantly greater rate and resulted in disproportionately elevated activation with higher contrasts in the ASD group. Approximately 45 % of ASD participants had rates of response increases greater than any TD participant. This alteration was highly associated with parental reports of these participants’ sensory difficulties. Conclusions Greater increases in visual responses over contrast manipulation suggest heightened excitability in the sensory cortex in ASD participants. Heightened neural excitability was observed in a substantial portion but not all of the ASD participants. This pattern suggests that individuals with higher excitability may constitute a neurobiologically distinct subgroup requiring individualized treatment interventions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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