The role of category- and exemplar-specific experience in ensemble processing of objects
| Autor: | Randolph Blake, Oakyoon Cha, Isabel Gauthier |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Linguistics and Language
Computer science media_common.quotation_subject Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition Contrast (statistics) Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Recognition Psychology Object (philosophy) Sensory Systems Language and Linguistics Report summary Judgment Pattern Recognition Visual Perception Visual Perception Humans Visual experience Automobiles Diversity (business) media_common Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Attention, perceptionpsychophysics. 83(3) |
| ISSN: | 1943-393X |
| Popis: | People can relatively easily report summary properties for ensembles of objects, suggesting that this information can enrich visual experience and increase the efficiency of perceptual processing. Here, we ask whether the ability to judge diversity within object arrays improves with experience. We surmised that ensemble judgments would be more accurate for commonly experienced objects, and perhaps even more for objects of expertise like faces. We also expected improvements in ensemble processing with practice with a novel category, and perhaps even more with repeated experience with specific exemplars. We compared the effect of experience on diversity judgments for arrays of objects, with participants being tested with either a small number of repeated exemplars or with a large number of exemplars from the same object category. To explore the role of more prolonged experience, we tested participants with completely novel objects (random blobs), with objects familiar at the category level (cars), and with objects with which observers are experts at subordinate-level recognition (faces). For objects that are novel, participants showed evidence of improved ability to distribute attention. In contrast, for object categories with long-term experience, i.e., faces and cars, performance improved during the experiment but not necessarily due to improved ensemble processing. Practice with specific exemplars did not result in better diversity judgments for all object categories. Considered together, these results suggest that ensemble processing improves with experience. However, experience operates rapidly, the role of experience does not rely on exemplar-level knowledge and may not benefit from subordinate-level expertise. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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