Racial differences in the relationship between rate of nicotine metabolism and nicotine intake from cigarette smoking
| Autor: | Paul M. Cinciripini, Noah R. Gubner, Robert A. Schnoll, Rachel F. Tyndale, Tony P. George, Caryn Lerman, Kathryn C. Ross, Neal L. Benowitz, Larry W. Hawk |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Metabolite Clinical Biochemistry Physiology Pharmacology Toxicology Biochemistry Nicotine Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6 Behavioral Neuroscience chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Nicotine titration 030212 general & internal medicine 10. No inequality CYP2A6 Cotinine African Americans Carbon Monoxide Smoking Tobacco Products Middle Aged 3. Good health 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Biomarker (medicine) Female medicine.drug Adult European Continental Ancestry Group Nicotine metabolism Article White People Racial differences 03 medical and health sciences Cigarette smoking medicine Humans African American smokers Biological Psychiatry Aged business.industry Black or African American chemistry Nicotine intake business Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | Ross, KC; Gubner, NR; Tyndale, RF; Hawk, LW; Lerman, C; George, TP; et al.(2016). Racial differences in the relationship between rate of nicotine metabolism and nicotine intake from cigarette smoking.. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 148, 1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2016.05.002. UCSF: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9qq243tv |
| Popis: | Rate of nicotine metabolism has been identified as an important factor influencing nicotine intake and can be estimated using the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR), a validated biomarker of CYP2A6 enzyme activity. Individuals who metabolize nicotine faster (higher NMR) may alter their smoking behavior to titrate their nicotine intake in order to maintain similar levels of nicotine in the body compared to slower nicotine metabolizers. There are known racial differences in the rate of nicotine metabolism with African Americans on average having a slower rate of nicotine metabolism compared to Whites. The goal of this study was to determine if there are racial differences in the relationship between rate of nicotine metabolism and measures of nicotine intake assessed using multiple biomarkers of nicotine and tobacco smoke exposure. Using secondary analyses of the screening data collected in a recently completed clinical trial, treatment-seeking African American and White daily smokers (10 or more cigarettes per day) were grouped into NMR quartiles so that the races could be compared at the same NMR, even though the distribution of NMR within race differed. The results indicated that rate of nicotine metabolism was a more important factor influencing nicotine intake in White smokers. Specifically, Whites were more likely to titrate their nicotine intake based on the rate at which they metabolize nicotine. However, this relationship was not found in African Americans. Overall there was a greater step-down, linear type relationship between NMR groups and cotinine or cotinine/cigarette in African Americans, which is consistent with the idea that differences in blood cotinine levels between the African American NMR groups were primarily due to differences in CYP2A6 enzyme activity without titration of nicotine intake among faster nicotine metabolizers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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