Investigation of Hierarchical Structure Formation in Merocyanine Photovoltaics
| Autor: | Jürgen Schelter, Ruth Bruker, Dirk Hertel, Tucker L. Murrey, Aurel Radulescu, Julian Nowak, Selina Olthof, Klaus Meerholz, Thorsten Limböck, Jörg-Martin Neudörfl, Adam J. Moulé, Stephanie Rüth |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Technology
Materials science Organic solar cell 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry Physical Chemistry 01 natural sciences Polymer solar cell chemistry.chemical_compound Engineering Photovoltaics Side chain ddc:530 Merocyanine Physical and Theoretical Chemistry business.industry Energy conversion efficiency 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Acceptor 0104 chemical sciences Surfaces Coatings and Films Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials General Energy chemistry Chemical engineering Chemical Sciences Indoline 0210 nano-technology business |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol 124, iss 36 Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol 124, iss 36 The journal of physical chemistry |
| ISSN: | 1932-7455 1932-7447 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c04988 |
| Popis: | Author(s): Murrey, TL; Hertel, D; Nowak, J; Bruker, R; Limbock, T; Neudorfl, J; Ruth, S; Schelter, J; Olthof, S; Radulescu, A; Moule, AJ; Meerholz, K | Abstract: Merocyanines (MCs) are a versatile class of small-molecule dyes. Their optoelectronic properties are easily tunable by chemically controlling their donor-acceptor strength, and their structural properties can be tuned by simple side-chain substitution. This manuscript demonstrates a novel series of MCs featuring an indoline donor with varying hydrocarbon side-chain length (from 6 to 12 carbons) and a tert-butyl-thiazole acceptor, labeled InTBT. Bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics are fabricated with a [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) acceptor and characterized. Films composed of I8TBT:PCBM and I9TBT:PCBM produced the highest power conversion efficiency of 4.5%, which suggests that the morphology is optimized by controlling the side-chain length. Hierarchical structure formation in InTBT:PCBM films is studied using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). When mixed with PCBM, InTBTs with ≤8 side-chain carbons form pure crystalline domains, while InTBTs with ≥9 side-chain carbons mix well with PCBM. SANS demonstrates that increasing side-chain length increases the InTBT-rich domain size. In addition, a branched hexyl-dodecyl side-chain IHDTBT:PCBM film was studied and found to exhibit the worst-performance organic photovoltaic (OPV) device. The large-branched side chain inhibited mixing between IHDTBT and PCBM resulting in large segregated phases. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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