Convergence of HIV seroprevalence among injecting and non-injecting drug users in New York City
| Autor: | Lucia V. Torian, Courtney McKnight, Theresa Perlis, Heidi Bramson, Don C. Des Jarlais, Kamyar Arasteh, Chris Nemeth, Samuel R. Friedman, Douglas D. Heckathorn, Abu S. Abdul-Quader, Holly Hagan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Sexually transmitted disease medicine.medical_specialty Methadone maintenance Sexual transmission Substance-Related Disorders Immunology HIV Infections Heroin Cocaine-Related Disorders Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) HIV Seroprevalence Epidemiology medicine Humans Immunology and Allergy Substance Abuse Intravenous Heroin Dependence business.industry Middle Aged medicine.disease Confidence interval Surgery Infectious Diseases Female New York City Epidemiologic Methods business Demography Methadone medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | AIDS. 21:231-235 |
| ISSN: | 0269-9370 2001-2004 |
| Popis: | OBJECTIVE: To compare HIV prevalence among injecting and non-injecting heroin and cocaine users in New York City. As HIV is efficiently transmitted through the sharing of drug-injecting equipment, HIV infection has historically been higher among injecting drug users. DESIGN: Two separate cross-sectional surveys, both with HIV counseling and testing and drug use and HIV risk behavior questionnaires. METHODS: Injecting and non-injecting heroin and cocaine users recruited at detoxification and methadone maintenance treatment from 2001-2004 (n = 2121) and recruited through respondent-driven sampling from a research storefront in 2004 (n = 448). RESULTS: In both studies, HIV prevalence was nearly identical among current injectors (injected in the last 6 months) and heroin and cocaine users who had never injected: 13% [95% confidence interval (CI), 12-15%] among current injectors and 12% (95% CI, 9-16%) among never-injectors in the drug treatment program study, and 15% (95% CI, 11-19%) among current injectors and 17% (95% CI, 12-21%) among never injectors in the respondent driven sampling storefront study. The 95% CIs overlapped in all gender and race/ethnicity subgroup comparisons of HIV prevalence in both studies. CONCLUSIONS: The very large HIV epidemic among drug users in New York City appears to be entering a new phase, in which sexual transmission is of increasing importance. Additional prevention programs are needed to address this transition. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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