Clouds, radiation, and atmospheric circulation in the present-day climate and under climate change

Autor: Kevin M. Grise, Nicole Albern, Aiko Voigt, Paulo Ceppi, Ying Li, Brian Medeiros
Přispěvatelé: Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Albern, Nicole, 1 Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Department Troposphere Research Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany, Ceppi, Paulo, 3 Grantham Institute, Imperial College London London UK, Grise, Kevin, 4 Department of Environmental Sciences University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia USA, Li, Ying, 5 Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA, Medeiros, Brian, 6 National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado USA
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Atmospheric Science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Atmospheric circulation
Geography
Planning and Development
Environmental Studies
Climate change
Environmental Sciences & Ecology
climate and climate change
clouds
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Atmosphere
INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE
Extratropical cyclone
ddc:550
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
EDDY-DRIVEN JET
VERTICAL STRUCTURE
FEEDBACK PROCESSES
SOUTHERN-OCEAN
551.5
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Global and Planetary Change
Science & Technology
POLEWARD SHIFT
Global warming
Longwave
EXTRATROPICAL JET
HADLEY-CELL
INSTANTANEOUS LINKAGES
Earth system science
global models
radiation
Earth sciences
Climatology
Physical Sciences
Environmental science
circulation
GENERAL-CIRCULATION
Shortwave
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Zdroj: Wiley interdisciplinary reviews / Climate change, 12 (2), Art.-Nr.: e694
ISSN: 1757-7780
1757-7799
Popis: By interacting with radiation, clouds modulate the flow of energy through the Earth system, the circulation of the atmosphere, and regional climate. We review the impact of cloud‐radiation interactions for the atmospheric circulation in the present‐day climate, its internal variability and its response to climate change. After summarizing cloud‐controlling factors and cloud‐radiative effects, we clarify the scope and limits of the Clouds On‐Off Klimate Model Intercomparison Experiment (COOKIE) and cloud‐locking modeling methods. COOKIE showed that the presence of cloud‐radiative effects shapes the circulation in the present‐day climate in many important ways, including the width of the tropical rain belts and the position of the extratropical storm tracks. Cloud locking, in contrast, identified how clouds affect internal variability and the circulation response to global warming. This includes strong, but model‐dependent, shortwave and longwave cloud impacts on the El‐Nino Southern Oscillation, and the finding that most of the poleward circulation expansion in response to global warming can be attributed to radiative changes in clouds. We highlight the circulation impact of shortwave changes from low‐level clouds and longwave changes from rising high‐level clouds, and the contribution of these cloud changes to model differences in the circulation response to global warming. The review in particular draws attention to the role of cloud‐radiative heating within the atmosphere. We close by raising some open questions which, among others, concern the need for studying the cloud impact on regional scales and opportunities created by the next generation of global storm‐resolving models. This article is categorized under: Climate Models and Modeling > Knowledge Generation with Models
Clouds interact with radiation. We review the role of cloud‐radiation interactions in shaping the atmospheric circulation and thus regional climate and climate change. Figure from Blue Marble Collection of NASA Visible Earth.
U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological & Environmental Research
U.S. National Science Foundation
NERC CIRCULATES project
FONA: Research for Sustainable Development
German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: