Changes of Sand Fly Populations and Leishmania infantum Infection Rates in an Irrigated Village Located in Arid Central Tunisia
| Autor: | Khalil Dachraoui, Marcelo Ramalho-Ortigao, John C. Beier, Elyes Zhioua, Ifhem Chelbi, Saifedine Cherni, M. Derbali, Wasfi Fares, Walid Barhoumi |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Veterinary medicine Irrigation Agricultural Irrigation Tunisia emergence of ZVL Climate Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Population Dynamics 030231 tropical medicine lcsh:Medicine Biology Phlebotomus perniciosus Article irrigation Phlebotomus longicuspis 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Zoonoses parasitic diseases medicine Animals Humans zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis sand flies Phlebotomus perfiliewi Leishmania infantum North Africa Psychodidae Ecology fungi lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health 030108 mycology & parasitology Leishmania biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Arid Visceral leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis Visceral Female Subgenus Nested polymerase chain reaction |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 13, Iss 3, p 329 (2016) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 13; Issue 3; Pages: 329 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | The current spread of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) throughout arid areas of Central Tunisia is a major public health concern. The main objective of this study is to investigate whether the development of irrigation in arid bio-geographical areas in Central Tunisia have led to the establishment of a stable cycle involving sand flies of the subgenus Larroussius and Leishmania infantum, and subsequently to the emergence of ZVL. Sand flies were collected from the village of Saddaguia, a highly irrigated zone located within an arid bio-geographical area of Central Tunisia by using modified Centers for Diseases Control (CDC) light traps. Morphological keys were used to identify sand flies. Collected sand flies were pooled with up to 30 specimens per pool according to date and tested by nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) DNA sequencing from positive pools was used to identify Leishmania spp. A total of 4915 sand flies (2422 females and 2493 males) were collected from Saddaguia in September and in October 2014. Morphological identification confirmed sand flies of the subgenus Larroussius to be predominant. PCR analysis followed by DNA sequencing indicated that 15 pools were infected with L. infantum yielding an overall infection rate of 0.6%. The majority of the infected pools were of sand fly species belonging to subgenus Larroussius. Intense irrigation applied to the arid bio-geographical areas in Central Tunisia is at the origin of the development of an environment capable of sustaining important populations of sand flies of the subgenus Larroussius. This has led to the establishment of stable transmission cycles of L. infantum and subsequently to the emergence of ZVL. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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