Druggable targets meet oncogenic drivers: opportunities and limitations of target-based classification of tumors and the role of Molecular Tumor Boards
| Autor: | Valentina Guarneri, Pierfranco Conte, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, A. P. Dei Tos, L. Leoncini, M. Del Re, Laura Bonanno, Stefano Indraccolo, Stefano Fogli, Romano Danesi, Gianni Amunni, A. Pierini |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Treatment response Carcinogenesis Druggability Review Computational biology biomarker cancer Molecular Tumor Board oncogenic drivers target therapy Multidisciplinary approach Neoplasms Humans Medicine Molecular Targeted Therapy business.industry Cancer Oncogenes medicine.disease Peripheral blood Review article Clinical trial Oncology Mutation Biomarker (medicine) business |
| Zdroj: | ESMO Open |
| Popis: | The therapeutic landscape of cancer is changing rapidly due to the growing number of approved drugs capable of targeting specific genetic alterations. This aspect, together with the development of noninvasive methods for the assessment of somatic mutations in the peripheral blood of patients, generated a growing interest toward a new tumor-agnostic classification system based on ‘predictive’ biomarkers. The current review article discusses this emerging alternative approach to the classification of cancer and its implications for the selection of treatments. It is suggested that different types of cancers sharing the same molecular profiles could benefit from the same targeted drugs. Although recent clinical trials have demonstrated that this approach cannot be generalized, there are also specific examples that demonstrate the clinical utility of this alternative vision. In this rapidly evolving scenario, a multidisciplinary approach managed by institutional Molecular Tumor Boards is fundamental to interpret the biological and clinical relevance of genetic alterations and the complexity of their relationship with treatment response. Highlights • The identification of oncogenic drivers offers the opportunity to develop target-specific drugs. • The inhibition of crucial pathways realizes the principle of druggable target to exploit cancer vulnerability. • The approval of new anticancer agents based on target-based concept represents a paradigm shift in cancer therapy. • However, only few drugs have been approved so far on an agnostic basis and the concept of biomarker cannot be generalized. • Tumor Molecular Boards will have an increasing role in the identification of new therapeutic options in selected patients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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