Exploring the effect of a lifestyle intervention on cancer risk: 43-year follow-up of the randomized Oslo diet and antismoking study
| Autor: | S. Tonstad, T. de Lange, Paula Berstad, Edoardo Botteri |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty medicine.medical_treatment Coronary Disease Overweight Body Mass Index 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Weight loss Cause of Death Neoplasms Internal medicine Internal Medicine medicine Humans Longitudinal Studies Obesity 030212 general & internal medicine Correlation of Data Diet Fat-Restricted Exercise Life Style Aged Aged 80 and over Norway business.industry Incidence Incidence (epidemiology) Smoking Hazard ratio Cancer Middle Aged medicine.disease Cholesterol 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Smoking cessation Smoking Cessation medicine.symptom business Body mass index Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Internal Medicine. 284:282-291 |
| ISSN: | 0954-6820 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/joim.12765 |
| Popis: | Background/objectives The Oslo diet and antismoking study showed that counselling for a healthy lifestyle reduced lifelong coronary mortality in high-risk men. We explored whether the same counselling reduced also cancer risk. Methods The study randomly allocated males at high coronary risk to either a 5-year intervention for lifestyle changes (cholesterol-lowering dietary changes, weight loss and stopping smoking) or a control group (1 : 1) in 1972/73. We explored the incidence and mortality of all cancers and cancer forms related to smoking, BMI or diet up to 43 years after randomization. Results A total of 595 men in the intervention and 621 in the control group were included. At inclusion median age was 45 years, 588 (48.4%) subjects were overweight (BMI > 25 kg m-2 ) and 925 (76.1%) current smokers. The intervention did not reduce the risk of cancer after 43 years (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80-1.15). In the first 25 years of follow-up, among the 1088 (89.5%) men who were overweight/obese and/or smokers, the intervention reduced the incidence of those cancer forms related to smoking, BMI or diet (including carcinoma of the respiratory, digestive and urinary tracts; adjusted HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.49-0.99). The intervention had no significant effect on incidence beyond 25 years, or on mortality. Conclusions The 5-year counselling for a healthy lifestyle did not reduce the overall cancer risk in the very long term. However, in the first 25 years, the counselling reduced the risk of relevant cancer types in overweight/obese subjects and smokers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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