Oral Contraceptive Use and Hormone Replacement Therapy Are Associated With Microalbuminuria
| Autor: | Ltw de Jong-van den Berg, Tbm Monster, Wmt Janssen, P. E. De Jong |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE) |
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
PREDICTOR medicine.medical_specialty medicine.drug_class CORONARY HEART-DISEASE SECONDARY PREVENTION Surveys and Questionnaires Internal medicine Odds Ratio Internal Medicine medicine Albuminuria Humans POPULATION Aged RISK Gynecology Type 1 diabetes Proteinuria business.industry MORTALITY Estrogen Replacement Therapy Case-control study Odds ratio Middle Aged medicine.disease C-REACTIVE PROTEIN Menopause MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE Transgender hormone therapy Estrogen Case-Control Studies Female Microalbuminuria medicine.symptom business Contraceptives Oral |
| Zdroj: | Archives of Internal Medicine, 161(16), 2000-2005. AMER MEDICAL ASSOC |
| ISSN: | 0003-9926 |
| DOI: | 10.1001/archinte.161.16.2000 |
| Popis: | Background: Controversy exists regarding the adverse and beneficial effects of oral contraceptive use and hormone replacement therapy. Microalbuminuria is associated with increased risk of renal and cardiovascular disease. Objective: To examine the association between oral contraceptive use or hormone replacement therapy and microalbuminuria. Methods: We performed a case-control study of the baseline data and historical pharmacy data of 4301 female subjects of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End Stage Disease study cohort, aged 28 to 75 years, excluding women who were pregnant or had type 1 diabetes mellitus. The main outcome measure was microalbuminuria, defined as a urinary albumin excretion of 30 to 300 mg per 24 hours (recorded as the mean of two 24-hour urine collections). Results: After adjusting for age, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and smoking, the odds ratio (OR) for having microalbuminuria was 1.90 (95% confidence interval [ CI], 1.23-2.93) for premenopausal oral contraceptive users and 2.05 (95% CI, 1.12-3.77) for postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy users. The point estimate increased in a dose-dependent fashion, albeit insignificantly, according to the estrogen content of the oral contraceptives (5 years, OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.32-4.97). Conclusion: Regular and long-term oral contraceptive use and hormone replacement therapy are associated with an increased risk for microalbuminuria and cardiovascular disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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