Using graphene nano-particle embedded in photonic crystal fiber for evanescent wave mode-locking of fiber laser
| Autor: | Gong-Ru Lin, Jia-hong Liou, Yung-Hsiang Lin, Chin-Ping Yu, Chun-Yu Yang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
Optical fiber business.industry Graphene Lasers Saturable absorption Equipment Design Surface Plasmon Resonance Cladding (fiber optics) Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics law.invention Equipment Failure Analysis Laser linewidth Optics Mode-locking law Fiber laser Optoelectronics Fiber Optic Technology Nanoparticles Nanotechnology Graphite business Photonic-crystal fiber |
| Zdroj: | Optics express. 21(14) |
| ISSN: | 1094-4087 |
| Popis: | A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with high-quality graphene nano-particles uniformly dispersed in the hole cladding are demonstrated to passively mode-lock the erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) by evanescent-wave interaction. The few-layer graphene nano-particles are obtained by a stabilized electrochemical exfoliation at a threshold bias. These slowly and softly exfoliated graphene nano-particle exhibits an intense 2D band and an almost disappeared D band in the Raman scattering spectrum. The saturable phenomena of the extinction coefficient β in the cladding provides a loss modulation for the intracavity photon intensity by the evanescent-wave interaction. The evanescent-wave mode-locking scheme effectively enlarges the interaction length of saturable absorption with graphene nano-particle to provide an increasing transmittance ΔT of 5% and modulation depth of 13%. By comparing the core-wave and evanescent-wave mode-locking under the same linear transmittance, the transmittance of the graphene nano-particles on the end-face of SMF only enlarges from 0.54 to 0.578 with ΔT = 3.8% and the modulation depth of 10.8%. The evanescent wave interaction is found to be better than the traditional approach which confines the graphene nano-particles at the interface of two SMF patchcords. When enlarging the intra-cavity gain by simultaneously increasing the pumping current of 980-nm and 1480-nm pumping laser diodes (LDs) to 900 mA, the passively mode-locked EDFL shortens its pulsewidth to 650 fs and broadens its spectral linewidth to 3.92 nm. An extremely low carrier amplitude jitter (CAJ) of 1.2-1.6% is observed to confirm the stable EDFL pulse-train with the cladding graphene nano-particle based evanescent-wave mode-locking. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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