Low levels of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and reduced suppression of Th2-mediated inflammation in hyperreactive human onchocerciasis
| Autor: | Simone Korten, Jussuf T. Kaifi, Dietrich W. Büttner, Achim Hoerauf |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Yemen Antigen-Presenting Cells Inflammation Biology Onchocerciasis Immunoglobulin E plasma cells Host-Parasite Interactions Transforming Growth Factor beta1 Th2 Cells medicine Animals Humans Eosinophilia sowda TGF-beta Child Antigen-presenting cell filariasis T-lymphocytes immunosuppression HLA-DR Antigens Transforming growth factor beta Liberia medicine.disease macrophages Onchocerca volvulus Infectious Diseases inflammation Immunoglobulin G Immunology biology.protein Sowda Female Animal Science and Zoology Parasitology medicine.symptom Antibody Research Article Transforming growth factor |
| Zdroj: | Parasitology |
| ISSN: | 1469-8161 0031-1820 |
| DOI: | 10.1017/s0031182010000922 |
| Popis: | SUMMARYTh2-biased inflammation with eosinophilia and IgE production is a hallmark of helminth infections. It is pronounced in hyperreactive onchocerciasis patients (‘sowda’ or ‘local form’), who efficiently kill microfilariae resulting in severe dermatitis and lymphadenitis. In contrast, hyporeactive patients (‘generalised form’) tolerate high microfilarial loads. This is thought to be mediated by regulatory CD4+ T cells and macrophages producing suppressive cytokines such as IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). We investigated whether hyperreactivity was reflected by lower local TGF-β production, analysing stable latent TGF-β1 expression in onchocercomas, lymph nodes and skin from hyperreactive and hyporeactive patients by immunohistochemistry. TGF-β expression was compared with that of IgE, IgG1, IgG4, and the antigen-presenting, CD4+ T cell-inducing MHC class II molecule HLA-DR. TGF-β was weakly and less frequently expressed by various cell types in onchocercomas, skin and lymph nodes from hyperreactive compared to hyporeactive patients. This applied to reactions around living and dead adult worms as well as dead microfilariae. Antigen-presenting cells strongly expressed HLA-DR in both forms, but their numbers were reduced in hyperreactive nodules. Plasma cells produced more IgE and IgG1, but less of the anti-inflammatory antibody IgG4 in hyperreactive onchocercomas. In conclusion, hyperreactivity is linked with reduced local expression of TGF-β, HLA-DR and IgG4, which might contribute to the insufficient down-regulation of inflammation via TGF-β- and HLA-DR-induced regulatory lymphocytes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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