Visuospatial executive function in Turner syndrome: functional MRI and neurocognitive findings
| Autor: | Marsha L. Davenport, Sarah J. Hart, Aysenil Belger, Stephen R. Hooper |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: |
Intelligence
Neuropsychological Tests Audiology Spatial memory Discrimination Psychological 0302 clinical medicine IFG = inferior frontal gyri Neural Pathways Turner syndrome Attention Brain Mapping medicine.diagnostic_test fMRI 05 social sciences Verbal Learning executive functions Executive functions Magnetic Resonance Imaging Temporal Lobe Frontal Lobe Memory Short-Term Pattern Recognition Visual Cerebrovascular Circulation ITG = inferior temporal gyri Female spatial working memory Psychology Cognitive psychology Adult medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent behavioral disciplines and activities 050105 experimental psychology Perceptual Disorders fMRI = functional MRI 03 medical and health sciences Reaction Time medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences IPS = intraparietal sulci RT = reaction time Memory Disorders ROI = regions of interest Neural correlates of consciousness Working memory Original Articles MFG = middle frontal gyri verbal working memory WM = working memory medicine.disease Space Perception Neurology (clinical) Verbal memory Functional magnetic resonance imaging Neurocognitive 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Brain |
| DOI: | 10.17615/3ckp-gf49 |
| Popis: | Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that results from an abnormal or missing X chromosome in females and is typically associated with impairments in visuospatial, but not verbal, information processing. These visuospatial processing impairments may be exacerbated with increased task demands, such as those engaged during working memory (WM). While previous studies have examined spatial WM function in Turner syndrome, none have directly compared the neural correlates of spatial and verbal WM processes across the encoding, maintenance and retrieval phases. We employed both neurocognitive assessments and functional MRI (fMRI) to examine the neural circuitry underlying both verbal and visuospatial WM functions in individuals with Turner syndrome and normal controls. We furthermore examined the vulnerability of task-related fMRI activation to distracters presented during WM maintenance. Fifteen healthy female volunteers and eight individuals with Turner syndrome performed a delayed-response WM task during fMRI scanning. Neurocognitive tests revealed impaired performance across both verbal and spatial domains in Turner syndrome, with greater impairment on tasks with WM demands. Frontoparietal regions in controls showed significantly sustained levels of activation during visuospatial WM. This sustained activation was significantly reduced in the group with Turner syndrome. Domain-specific activation of temporal regions, in contrast, did not differ between the two groups. Sensory distraction during the WM maintenance phase did not differentially alter frontoparietal activation between the two groups. The results reveal impaired frontoparietal circuitry recruitment during visuospatial executive processing in Turner syndrome, suggesting a significant role for the X chromosome in the development of these pathways. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|