PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL A PARTIR DE ÁCIDOS GRAXOS PROVENIENTES DO REFINO DE ÓLEOS VEGETAIS VIA CATÁLISE ÁCIDA HETEROGENEA E MICRO-ONDAS
| Autor: | Elizabeth R. Lachter, Flávio Augusto de Freitas, Leandro B. Borré, Rodrigo L. Poubel, Michele C. Reis, Regina Sandra Veiga Nascimento, Rosane A. S. San Gil |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Biodiesel
esterification Butanol microwaves irradiation food and beverages biodiesel General Chemistry fatty acids Lauric acid sulfonic resins Catalysis chemistry.chemical_compound Acid catalysis chemistry Biodiesel production Organic chemistry lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Stearic acid Methanol |
| Zdroj: | Química Nova, Volume: 38, Issue: 10, Pages: 1307-1312, Published: DEC 2015 |
| ISSN: | 0100-4042 |
| DOI: | 10.5935/0100-4042.20150163 |
| Popis: | This work presents the biofuel production results of the esterification of fatty acids (C12-C18) and high-acid-content waste vegetable oils from different soap stocks (soybean, palm, and coconut) with methanol, ethanol, and butanol by acid catalysis. We used Amberlyst-35 (A35) sulfonic resin as a heterogeneous acid catalyst and p-toluenesulfonic acid as a homogeneous catalyst for comparison. Both the heterogeneous (A35) and homogeneous (p-toluenesulfonic acid) reactions were performed with 5% w/w of catalyst. The final products were analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The homogeneous catalyzed esterification of fatty acids with methanol, ethanol, and butanol produced esters with yields higher than 90%. In the reaction with fatty acids and methanol catalyzed by A35, the best results were achieved with lauric acid and methanol, with a yield of 97%. An increase in the hydrocarbon chain decreased the rate of conversion and yield for stearic acid with methanol, which was 90%. Maximum biodiesel production was achieved from coconut and soybean soap stocks and methanol (96%-98%), which showed conversions very close to those obtained from their respective fatty acids. Microwave irradiation reduced the reaction time from 6 to 1 h in the esterification reaction of fatty acids with butanol. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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