Pluri-energy analysis of livestock systems – A comparison of dairy systems in different territories

Autor: Mathieu Vigne, Jonathan Vayssières, Philippe Lecomte, Jean-Louis Peyraud
Přispěvatelé: Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux (UMR SELMET), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
Engineering
Energy-Generating Resources
Fossil Fuels
P06 - Sources d'énergie renouvelable
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
reunion island
Biomass
Élevage
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
7. Clean energy
Agricultural science
Biomasse
Waste Management and Disposal
2. Zero hunger
Principal Component Analysis
Agroforestry
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
General Medicine
Dairying
Production laitière
Workforce
Arable land
france
energy
Environmental Engineering
Livestock
Energy management
Recyclage des déchets
Context (language use)
Forage
Management
Monitoring
Policy and Law
Zea mays
Déchet agricole
Solar Energy
Animals
Consommation d'énergie
Productivity
Dairy cattle
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
mali
business.industry
L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales
15. Life on land
Méthode d'élevage
dairy system
Agriculture
Énergie animale
040103 agronomy & agriculture
Énergie renouvelable
0401 agriculture
forestry
and fisheries
business
Énergie solaire
Zdroj: Journal of Environmental Management
Journal of Environmental Management, Elsevier, 2013, 126 (15), pp.44-54. ⟨10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.04.003⟩
ISSN: 0301-4797
1095-8630
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.04.003⟩
Popis: Chantier qualité GA; This paper introduces a generic assessment method called pluri-energy analysis. It aims to assess the types of energy used in agricultural systems and their conversion efficiencies. Four types of energy are considered: fossil energy, gross energy contained in the biomass, energy from human and animal labor and solar energy. The method was applied to compare smallholder low-input dairy-production systems, which are common in developing countries, to the high-input systems encountered in OECD countries. The pluri-energy method is useful for analyzing the functioning of agricultural systems by highlighting their modes of energy management. Since most dairy systems in South Mali (SM) are low-input systems, they are primarily based on solar and labor energy types and do not require substantial fossil-energy inputs to produce milk. Farms in Poitou-Charentes (PC) and Bretagne (BR) show intermediate values of fossil-energy use for milk production, similar to that found in the literature for typical European systems. However, fossil-energy use for milk production is higher on PC than BR farms because of a higher proportion of maize silage in the forage area; grazing pastures are more common on BR farms. Farms on Reunion Island (RI) require a relatively large amount of fossil energy to produce milk, mainly because the island context limits the amount of arable land. Consequently, milk production is based on large imports of concentrated feed with a high fossil-energy cost. The method also enables assessment of fossil-energy-use efficiency in order to increase the performance of biological processes in agricultural systems. Comparing the low-input systems represented by SM to the high-input systems represented by RI, PC and BR, an increase in solar-energy conversion, and thus land productivity, was observed due to intensification via increased fossil-energy use. Conversely, though fossil-energy use at the herd level increased milk productivity, its effect on gross-energy conversion by the herd was less evident. Partitioning the total on-farm gross energy produced among animal co-products (milk, meat and manure) highlights the major functions of SM herds, which are managed to produce organic crop fertilizers.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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