Gene–environment interactions predict cortisol responses after acute stress: Implications for the etiology of depression
| Autor: | Yvonne Kuepper, Juergen Hennig, Eva Kozyra, Roman Osinsky, Anja Schmitz, Nina Alexander |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Cortisol secretion Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System medicine.medical_specialty Genotype Hydrocortisone Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Pituitary-Adrenal System Life Change Events Endocrinology Internal medicine medicine Humans Speech Saliva Biological Psychiatry Serotonin transporter Depression (differential diagnoses) Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins biology Depression Endocrine and Autonomic Systems Stressor Psychiatry and Mental health medicine.anatomical_structure 5-HTTLPR biology.protein Psychology Stress Psychological Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis medicine.drug Psychopathology |
| Zdroj: | Psychoneuroendocrinology. 34:1294-1303 |
| ISSN: | 0306-4530 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.03.017 |
| Popis: | Summary Background Growing evidence suggests that the serotonin transporter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) interacts with adverse environmental influences to produce an increased risk for the development of depression while the underlying mechanisms of this association remain largely unexplored. As one potential intermediate phenotype, we investigated alterations of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis responses to stress in individuals with no history of psychopathology depending on both 5-HTTLPR and stressful life events. Methods Healthy male adults ( N = 100) were genotyped and completed a questionnaire on severe stressful life events (Life Events Checklist). To test for gene-by-environment interactions on endocrine stress reactivity, subjects were exposed to a standardized laboratory stress task (Public Speaking). Saliva cortisol levels were obtained at 6 time points prior to the stressor and during an extended recovery period. Results Subjects homozygous for the s-allele with a significant history of stressful life events exhibited markedly elevated cortisol secretions in response to the stressor compared to all other groups, indicating a significant gene-by-environment interaction on endocrine stress reactivity. No main effect of either 5-HTTLPR (biallelic and triallelic) or stressful life events on cortisol secretion patterns appeared. Conclusion This is the first study reporting that 5-HTTLPR and stressful life events interact to predict endocrine stress reactivity in a non-clinical sample. Our results underpin the potential moderating role of HPA-axis hyper-reactivity as a premorbid risk factor to increase the vulnerability for depression in subjects with low serotonin transporter efficiency and a history of severe life events. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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