Temporal Cortex Activation to Audiovisual Speech in Normal-Hearing and Cochlear Implant Users Measured with Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
| Autor: | A. John Van Opstal, Luuk P. H. van de Rijt, Emmanuel A. M. Mylanus, Marc M. Van Wanrooij, Ad F. M. Snik, L.V. Straatman, Hai Yin Hu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Visual perception genetic structures Speech recognition medicine.medical_treatment functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) Biophysics fNIRS Audiology Electroencephalography Auditory cortex 050105 experimental psychology Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12] lcsh:RC321-571 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Stimulus modality Functional neuroimaging Cochlear implant medicine Speech 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Biological Psychiatry Original Research audiovisual Temporal cortex Auditory Cortex medicine.diagnostic_test 05 social sciences Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3] Psychiatry and Mental health Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Cochlear Implants Neurology Functional near-infrared spectroscopy Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 10, pp. 1-14 Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Vol 10 (2016) Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 10, 1-14 Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| ISSN: | 1662-5161 |
| Popis: | Contains fulltext : 168177.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: Speech understanding may rely not only on auditory, but also on visual information. Non-invasive functional neuroimaging techniques can expose the neural processes underlying the integration of multisensory processes required for speech understanding in humans. Nevertheless, noise (from functional MRI, fMRI) limits the usefulness in auditory experiments, and electromagnetic artifacts caused by electronic implants worn by subjects can severely distort the scans (EEG, fMRI). Therefore, we assessed audio-visual activation of temporal cortex with a silent, optical neuroimaging technique: functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). METHODS: We studied temporal cortical activation as represented by concentration changes of oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin in four, easy-to-apply fNIRS optical channels of 33 normal-hearing adult subjects and five post-lingually deaf cochlear implant (CI) users in response to supra-threshold unisensory auditory and visual, as well as to congruent auditory-visual speech stimuli. RESULTS: Activation effects were not visible from single fNIRS channels. However, by discounting physiological noise through reference channel subtraction (RCS), auditory, visual and audiovisual (AV) speech stimuli evoked concentration changes for all sensory modalities in both cohorts (p < 0.001). Auditory stimulation evoked larger concentration changes than visual stimuli (p < 0.001). A saturation effect was observed for the AV condition. CONCLUSIONS: Physiological, systemic noise can be removed from fNIRS signals by RCS. The observed multisensory enhancement of an auditory cortical channel can be plausibly described by a simple addition of the auditory and visual signals with saturation. 14 p. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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