Preferred crystallographic orientation of cellulose in plant primary cell walls
| Autor: | Enrique D. Gomez, Chenhui Zhu, Dan Ye, William J. Barnes, Alexander Liebman-Peláez, Sarah N. Kiemle, Daniel J. Cosgrove, Victoria A. Norman, Michael F. Toney, Alexander Hexemer, Arielle M. Chaves, Charles T. Anderson, Alison W. Roberts, Sintu Rongpipi, Esther W. Gomez |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Diffraction Materials science Science Arabidopsis General Physics and Astronomy 02 engineering and technology engineering.material Crystallography X-Ray 01 natural sciences General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Article Epicuticular wax Cell wall Biomaterials chemistry.chemical_compound Cell Wall Orientation (geometry) Cellulose lcsh:Science Multidisciplinary Crystallography Scattering food and beverages General Chemistry Plants 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Bryopsida chemistry Microfibrils X-Ray engineering lcsh:Q Biopolymer Crystallite 0210 nano-technology Plant sciences 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020) Nature Communications Nature communications, vol 11, iss 1 |
| ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-020-18449-x |
| Popis: | Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on earth, is a versatile, energy rich material found in the cell walls of plants, bacteria, algae, and tunicates. It is well established that cellulose is crystalline, although the orientational order of cellulose crystallites normal to the plane of the cell wall has not been characterized. A preferred orientational alignment of cellulose crystals could be an important determinant of the mechanical properties of the cell wall and of cellulose-cellulose and cellulose-matrix interactions. Here, the crystalline structures of cellulose in primary cell walls of onion (Allium cepa), the model eudicot Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and moss (Physcomitrella patens) were examined through grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). We find that GIWAXS can decouple diffraction from cellulose and epicuticular wax crystals in cell walls. Pole figures constructed from a combination of GIWAXS and X-ray rocking scans reveal that cellulose crystals have a preferred crystallographic orientation with the (200) and (110)/(\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$1\bar 10$$\end{document}11¯0) planes preferentially stacked parallel to the cell wall. This orientational ordering of cellulose crystals, termed texturing in materials science, represents a previously unreported measure of cellulose organization and contradicts the predominant hypothesis of twisting of microfibrils in plant primary cell walls. Cellulose is synthesized as microfibrils of β-1,4-linked glucan chains arranged in a crystalline lattice. Here Ye et al. use grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering to show that cellulose crystals are preferentially orientated parallel to the plant cell wall, rather than as twisting microfibrils as previously hypothesized. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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