Aetiology of acute respiratory infection in preschool children requiring hospitalisation in Europe-results from the PED-MERMAIDS multicentre case-control study

Autor: Menno D. de Jong, Markus Hufnagel, Katherine Loens, Cristina Epalza, Peter J. M. Openshaw, Vana Spoulou, Federico Martinón-Torres, Emmanuel Roilides, Maggie Nyirenda Nyang'wa, Elias Iosifidis, Mike Sharland, Hanna Renk, Cristina Calvo, Marta Ciofi Degli Atti, Carlo Giaquinto, Marion Koopmans, Manuel Gijon, Sigita Burokienė, Veerle Matheeussen, Pablo Rojo, Chiara Minotti, Tessa Goetghebuer, Carmen D'Amore, Savvas Papachristou, Herman Goossens, Liviana Da Dalt, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Julia Bielicki, Sophie Keers, Samsul Islam, Maria Tsolia, Jessica Jarvis, Carmen Rodriguez-Tenreiro Sánchez, Despoina Gkentzi, Louise Sigfrid, Peter Horby, Pieter L. A. Fraaij, Anna-Lena Gemmel, Andrew Riordan, Daniele Donà, Aggeliki Syggelou, Margareta Ieven
Přispěvatelé: Virology, Pediatrics, National Institute for Health Research, Asthma UK, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
viruses
Population
Respiratory Epidemiology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
medicine.disease_cause
Virus
03 medical and health sciences
Diseases of the respiratory system
0302 clinical medicine
respiratory infection
030225 pediatrics
Internal medicine
Streptococcus pneumoniae
medicine
Humans
media_common.cataloged_instance
pneumonia
030212 general & internal medicine
European union
education
Respiratory Tract Infections
media_common
clinical epidemiology
paediatric lung disaese
viral infection
education.field_of_study
RC705-779
business.industry
Respiratory infection
medicine.disease
3. Good health
respiratory tract diseases
Hospitalization
Pneumonia
Case-Control Studies
Child
Preschool
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Human
Attributable risk
Etiology
Medicine
Human medicine
business
Zdroj: BMJ Open Respiratory Research
BMJ Open Respiratory Research, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2021)
BMJ Open Respiratory Research, 8(1):e000887. BMJ Publishing Group
BMJ open respiratory research, London : BMJ Publishing Group, 2021, vol. 8, no. 1, art. no. e000887, p. [1-11]
ISSN: 2052-4439
Popis: BackgroundBoth pathogenic bacteria and viruses are frequently detected in the nasopharynx (NP) of children in the absence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) symptoms. The aim of this study was to estimate the aetiological fractions for ARI hospitalisation in children for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus and to determine whether detection of specific respiratory pathogens on NP samples was associated with ARI hospitalisation.Methods349 children up to 5 years of age hospitalised for ARI (following a symptom-based case definition) and 306 hospital controls were prospectively enrolled in 16 centres across seven European Union countries between 2016 and 2019. Admission day NP swabs were analysed by multiplex PCR for 25 targets.ResultsRSV was the leading single cause of ARI hospitalisations, with an overall population attributable fraction (PAF) of 33.4% and high seasonality as well as preponderance in younger children. Detection of RSV on NP swabs was strongly associated with ARI hospitalisation (OR adjusted for age and season: 20.6, 95% CI: 9.4 to 45.3). Detection of three other viral pathogens showed strong associations with ARI hospitalisation: influenza viruses had an adjusted OR of 6.1 (95% CI: 2.5 to 14.9), parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) an adjusted OR of 4.6 (95% CI: 1.8 to 11.3) and metapneumoviruses an adjusted OR of 4.5 (95% CI: 1.3 to 16.1). Influenza viruses had a PAF of 7.9%, PIVs of 6.5% and metapneumoviruses of 3.0%. In contrast, most other pathogens were found in similar proportions in cases and controls, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, which was weakly associated with case status, and endemic coronaviruses.ConclusionRSV is the predominant cause of ARI hospitalisations in young children in Europe and its detection, as well as detection of influenza virus, PIV or metapneumovirus, on NP swabs can establish aetiology with high probability. PAFs for RSV and influenza virus are highly seasonal and age dependent.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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