A systematic review of socioeconomic status measurement in 13 years of U.S. injury research
| Autor: | Paula Yuma-Guerrero, Rebecca Orsi, Catherine Cubbin, Ping-Tzu Lee |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Poison control 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Outcome Assessment Health Care Humans Medicine Injury risk 030212 general & internal medicine Safety Risk Reliability and Quality Socioeconomic status 030505 public health business.industry Public health Injury outcome social sciences Health Surveys United States Fatal injury Social Class Geographic regions Wounds and Injuries population characteristics Observational study 0305 other medical science business Demography |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Safety Research. 64:55-72 |
| ISSN: | 0022-4375 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jsr.2017.12.017 |
| Popis: | Objective The purpose of this review was to assess the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on injury and to evaluate how U.S. injury researchers have measured SES over the past 13 years in observational research studies. Design & methods This systematic review included 119 US injury studies indexed in PubMed between January 1, 2002 and August 31, 2015 that used one or more individual and/or area-level measures of SES as independent variables. Study findings were compared to the results of a previous review published in 2002. Results Findings indicate SES remains an important predictor of injury. SES was inversely related to injury in 78 (66%) of the studies; inverse relationships were more consistently found in studies of fatal injury (77.4%) than in studies of non-fatal injury (58%). Approximately two-thirds of the studies (n = 73, 61%) measured SES along a gradient and 59% used more than one measure of SES (n = 70). Studies that used a gradient measure of SES and/or more than one measure of SES identified significant relationships more often. These findings were essentially equivalent to those of a similar 2002 review (Cubbin & Smith, 2002). Conclusions There remains a need to improve measurement of SES in injury research. Public health training programs should include best practices for measurement of SES, which include: measuring SES along a gradient, selecting SES indicators based on the injury mechanism, using the smallest geographic region possible for area-level measures, using multiple indicators when possible, and using both individual and area-level measures as both contribute independently to injury risk. Area-level indicators of SES are not accurate estimates of individual-level SES. Practical applications Injury researchers should measure SES along a gradient and incorporate individual and area-level SES measures that are appropriate to the injury outcome under study. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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