Prevalence and genotyping of Pneumocystis jirovecii in renal transplant recipients—preliminary report

Autor: Maria Luísa Lobo, Andrzej B. Hendrich, Maria Wesołowska, Olga Matos, Żaneta Kopacz, Anna Szymczak, Marta Kicia, Aneta Kowal, Katarzyna Jakuszko, Magdalena Szydłowicz, Paweł Piesiak
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Colonization
Adult
Male
Genotyping
Genotype
030231 tropical medicine
Population
Biology
Pneumocystis pneumonia
Pneumocystis carinii
Renal transplant recipients
Polymerase Chain Reaction
030308 mycology & parasitology
03 medical and health sciences
Immunocompromised Host
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
Postoperative Complications
medicine
Prevalence
Pneumocystis jirovecii
Humans
education
Lung
Kidney transplantation
Aged
0303 health sciences
education.field_of_study
General Veterinary
Pneumonia
Pneumocystis
Genetics
Evolution
and Phylogeny - Original Paper
Genetic Variation
General Medicine
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Kidney Transplantation
Transplant Recipients
Transplantation
Infectious Diseases
Insect Science
Immunology
Sputum
Parasitology
Female
medicine.symptom
Zdroj: Parasitology Research
ISSN: 1432-1955
0932-0113
Popis: Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic fungus occurring in human lungs. The group at highest risk consists of HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected immunosuppressed individuals. In these patients, P. jirovecii infection may lead to Pneumocystis pneumonia; it may, however, persist also in an asymptomatic form. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of P. jirovecii and potential risk factors for infection in a group of renal transplant recipients and to characterize the genetic diversity of this fungus in the studied population. Sputum specimens from 72 patients were tested for presence of P. jirovecii using immunofluorescence microscopy, as well as nested PCR targeting the mtLSU rRNA gene. Genotyping involving analysis of four loci—mtLSU rRNA, CYB, DHPS, and SOD—was used to characterize the diversity of the detected organisms. Pneumocystis DNA was detected in eight (11.11%) patients. It has been shown that low eosinophil count and dual immunosuppressive treatment combining prednisone and calcineurin inhibitors are potential risk factors for colonization. Analysis of genotype distribution showed an association of the wild-type genotype of mtLSU rRNA with lower average age of patients and shorter time after kidney transplantation. Furthermore, CYB 2 genotype was detected only in patients with the ongoing prophylaxis regimen. In conclusion, renal transplant recipients are at risk of Pneumocystis colonization even a long time after transplantation. The present preliminary study identifies specific polymorphisms that appear to be correlated with certain patient characteristics and highlights the need for deeper investigation of these associations in renal transplant recipients.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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