Personal semantics: Is it distinct from episodic and semantic memory? An electrophysiological study of memory for autobiographical facts and repeated events in honor of Shlomo Bentin
Autor: | Patrick S. R. Davidson, Myriam Beaudry, Morris Moscovitch, Brian Levine, Annick N. Tanguay, Kenneth B. Campbell, Paniz Tavakoli, Sheida Rabipour, Louis Renoult |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Adult
Male Time Factors Adolescent Reconstructive memory Memory Episodic Cognitive Neuroscience Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Neuropsychological Tests 050105 experimental psychology Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Source amnesia Retrospective memory Reaction Time Explicit memory Humans Semantic memory 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Episodic memory Analysis of Variance Brain Mapping Recall Autobiographical memory 05 social sciences Electroencephalography Semantics Pattern Recognition Visual Face Mental Recall Evoked Potentials Visual Female Psychology Photic Stimulation 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
Popis: | Declarative memory is thought to consist of two independent systems: episodic and semantic. Episodic memory represents personal and contextually unique events, while semantic memory represents culturally-shared, acontextual factual knowledge. Personal semantics refers to aspects of declarative memory that appear to fall somewhere in between the extremes of episodic and semantic. Examples include autobiographical knowledge and memories of repeated personal events. These two aspects of personal semantics have been studied little and rarely compared to both semantic and episodic memory. We recorded the event-related potentials (ERPs) of 27 healthy participants while they verified the veracity of sentences probing four types of questions: general (i.e., semantic) facts, autobiographical facts, repeated events, and unique (i.e., episodic) events. Behavioral results showed equivalent reaction times in all 4 conditions. True sentences were verified faster than false sentences, except for unique events for which no significant difference was observed. Electrophysiological results showed that the N400 (which is classically associated with retrieval from semantic memory) was maximal for general facts and the LPC (which is classically associated with retrieval from episodic memory) was maximal for unique events. For both ERP components, the two personal semantic conditions (i.e., autobiographical facts and repeated events) systematically differed from semantic memory. In addition, N400 amplitudes also differentiated autobiographical facts from unique events. Autobiographical facts and repeated events did not differ significantly from each other but their corresponding scalp distributions differed from those associated with general facts. Our results suggest that the neural correlates of personal semantics can be distinguished from those of semantic and episodic memory, and may provide clues as to how unique events are transformed to semantic memory. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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