The Effects of Both Recent and Long-Term Selection and Genetic Drift Are Readily Evident in North American Barley Breeding Populations
| Autor: | Kiran Seth, Gary J. Muehlbauer, Kevin P. Smith, Hongyun Wang, Ana M. Poets, Zhou Fang, Thomas J. Y. Kono, Peter L. Morrell, Mohsen Mohammadi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Germplasm Gene Flow Genotype introgression Genome-wide association study Single-nucleotide polymorphism Pedigree chart QH426-470 Biology Breeding Investigations Polymorphism Single Nucleotide evolution of crops Gene flow Evolution Molecular 03 medical and health sciences Genetic drift Gene Frequency Genetic variation genetics Selection Genetic Molecular Biology Allele frequency Genetics (clinical) Selection (genetic algorithm) Genetics Genetic Drift Hordeum 030104 developmental biology Genetics Population Phenotype Haplotypes Evolutionary biology Adaptation Genome Plant identity by state Genome-Wide Association Study |
| Zdroj: | G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 609-622 (2016) |
| ISSN: | 2160-1836 |
| Popis: | Barley was introduced to North America ∼400 yr ago but adaptation to modern production environments is more recent. Comparisons of allele frequencies among growth habits and spike (inflorescence) types in North America indicate that significant genetic differentiation has accumulated in a relatively short evolutionary time span. Allele frequency differentiation is greatest among barley with two-row vs. six-row spikes, followed by spring vs. winter growth habit. Large changes in allele frequency among breeding programs suggest a major contribution of genetic drift and linked selection on genetic variation. Despite this, comparisons of 3613 modern North American cultivated barley breeding lines that differ for spike-type and growth habit permit the discovery of 142 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) outliers putatively linked to targets of selection. For example, SNPs within the Cbf4, Ppd-H1, and Vrn-H1 loci, which have previously been associated with agronomically adaptive phenotypes, are identified as outliers. Analysis of extended haplotype sharing identifies genomic regions shared within and among breeding populations, suggestive of a number of genomic regions subject to recent selection. Finally, we are able to identify recent bouts of gene flow between breeding populations that could point to the sharing of agronomically adaptive variation. These results are supported by pedigrees and breeders’ understanding of germplasm sharing. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|