Respiratory Toxicity in Mice Exposed to Mattress Covers

Autor:	Rosalind C. Anderson, Julius H. Anderson
Rok vydání:	1999
Předmět:	Male Chromatography Gas Time Factors Polyesters Airflow Polyenes medicine.disease_cause Mass Spectrometry Mice Edema medicine Animals Humans Environmental Chemistry Respiratory system Polyvinyl Chloride Lung General Environmental Science Asthma Inhalation business.industry Respiration Respiratory disease Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Bedding and Linens Organ Size medicine.disease Data Interpretation Statistical Anesthesia Toxicity Biological Assay medicine.symptom Irritation business Plastics
Zdroj:	Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal. 54:202-209
ISSN:	0003-9896
DOI:	10.1080/00039899909602260
Popis:	To evaluate factors that might contribute to the rise in prevalence of childhood asthma, we allowed groups of male Swiss-Webster mice to breath the emissions of six brands of waterproof crib mattress covers for 1 h. We used a computerized version of ASTM-E-981 test method to monitor respiratory frequency, pattern, and airflow velocity. Single exposure to the emissions of these mattress covers caused various combinations of sensory irritation, pulmonary irritation, and decreases in mid-expiratory airflow velocity. At the peak effects of these emissions, sensory irritation ranged from 9% to 51% of the breaths, pulmonary irritation ranged from 4% to 16% of the breaths, and airflow limitation ranged from 9% to 38% of the breaths. Three brands caused airflow limitation that persisted for at least 24 h after a single 1-h exposure of naive mice to these emissions. Repeat exposures to the emissions of four brands caused more marked effects (i.e., up to 96% of the breaths showing sensory irritation, up to 44% of the breaths showing pulmonary irritation, and up to 75% of the breaths showing airflow limitation). Histological evaluation of the lungs revealed a mild inflammatory response, with focal collections of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and edema, but there were no eosinophils and no bronchial mucosa changes. We used gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to evaluate one of the test atmospheres, and there was evidence of chemicals for which toxic properties have been documented previously. The results of our study demonstrated that some mattress covers emit mixtures of chemicals that can cause a variety of acute toxic effects in mice, including asthma-like reactions.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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