Extent and correlates of self-reported exposure to tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship in smokers: Findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
| Autor: | Kahnert, S, Demjen, T, Tountas, Y, Trofor, AC, Przewozniak, K, Zatonski, WA, Fernandez, E, McNeill, A, Willemsen, M, Kyriakos, CN, Fong, GT, Vardavas, CI, Mons, U, Glahn, A, Nguyen, D, Radu-Loghin, C, Starchenko, P, Tsatsakis, A, Girvalaki, C, Igoumenaki, C, Nikitara, K, Papadakis, S, Papathanasaki, A, Tzatzarakis, M, Vardavas, AI, Becuwe, N, Deaconu, L, Goudet, S, Hanley, C, Riviere, O, Kiss, J, Kovacs, PA, Castellano, Y, Fu, M, Nogueira, SO, Tigova, O, East, K, Hitchman, SC, Behrakis, P, Filippidis, FT, Gratziou, C, Katsaounou, P, Peleki, T, Petroulia, I, Tzavara, C, Eremia, M, Lotrean, L, Mihaltan, F, Rohde, G, Asano, T, Cichon, C, Far, A, Genton, C, Jessner, M, Hedman, L, Janson, C, Lindberg, A, Maguire, B, Ravara, S, Vaccaro, V, Ward, B, De Vries, H, Hummel, K, Nagelhout, GE, Herbec, A, Janik-Koncewicz, K, Zatonski, M, Agar, TK, Driezen, P, Gravely, S, Quah, ACK, Thompson, ME |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
tobacco marketing restrictions
Health (social science) Point of sale Multivariate analysis tobacco advertising media_common.quotation_subject medicine.medical_treatment Medicine (miscellaneous) computer.software_genre Logistic regression Article tobacco marketing 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Promotion (rank) Hàbit de fumar Tobacco medicine Cigarette smokers 030212 general & internal medicine Fumadors Public Environmental & Occupational Health media_common Mass media Consumption (economics) Science & Technology 030505 public health business.industry Substance Abuse Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health 1103 Clinical Sciences Advertising EUREST-PLUS Consortium Tobbacco habit TIME Europe CIGARETTE regulatory science Smoking cessation SMOKING 0305 other medical science business Europa Life Sciences & Biomedicine computer |
| Zdroj: | Dipòsit Digital de la UB Universidad de Barcelona Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| Popis: | Introduction: Tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship (TAPS) are known to promote tobacco consumption and to discourage smoking cessation. Consequently, comprehensive TAPS bans are effective measures to reduce smoking. The objective of this study was to investigate to what extent smokers are exposed to TAPS in general, and in various media and localities, in different European countries. Methods: A Cross-sectional analysis of national representative samples of adult smokers in 2016 from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Spain (EUREST-PLUS Project, n=6,011), as well as England (n=3,503) and the Netherlands (n=1,213) (ITC Europe Surveys) was conducted. Prevalence of self-reported TAPS exposure is reported by country, and socio-economic correlates were investigated using logistic regression models. Results: Self-reported exposure to TAPS varied widely among the countries, from 15.4 % in Hungary to 69.2 % in the Netherlands. In most countries, tobacco advertising was most commonly seen at the point of sale, and rarely noticed in mass media. The multivariate analysis revealed some variation in exposure to TAPS by sociodemographic factors. Age showed the greatest consistency across countries with younger smokers (18-24-year-olds) being more likely to notice TAPS than older smokers. Conclusions: TAPS exposure tended to be higher in countries with less restrictive regulation but was also reported in countries with more comprehensive bans, although at lower levels. The findings indicate the need for a comprehensive ban on TAPS to avoid a shift of marketing efforts to less regulated channels, and for stronger enforcement of existing bans. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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