Acute oral toxicity of chemicals in terrestrial life stages of amphibians: Comparisons to birds and mammals
| Autor: | Lennart Weltje, James R. Wheeler, Mark Crane, Meaghean C. Finnegan, Sylwia Kosmala-Grzechnik, Melanie Gross |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Amphibian
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Range (biology) Administration Oral 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology Risk Assessment 01 natural sciences Median lethal dose Amphibians Birds Lethal Dose 50 Species Specificity biology.animal Toxicity Tests Acute Animals 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Mammals biology Ecology Vertebrate Environmental Exposure General Medicine Environmental exposure Threatened species Toxicity Environmental Pollutants Risk assessment |
| Zdroj: | Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 80:335-341 |
| ISSN: | 0273-2300 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.05.004 |
| Popis: | Amphibians are currently the most threatened and rapidly declining group of vertebrates and this has raised concerns about their potential sensitivity and exposure to plant protection products and other chemicals. Current environmental risk assessment procedures rely on surrogate species (e.g. fish and birds) to cover the risk to aquatic and terrestrial life stages of amphibians, respectively. Whilst a recent meta-analysis has shown that in most cases amphibian aquatic life stages are less sensitive to chemicals than fish, little research has been conducted on the comparative sensitivity of terrestrial amphibian life stages. Therefore, in this paper we address the questions "What is the relative sensitivity of terrestrial amphibian life stages to acute chemical oral exposure when compared with mammals and birds?" and "Are there correlations between oral toxicity data for amphibians and data for mammals or birds?" Identifying a relationship between these data may help to avoid additional vertebrate testing. Acute oral amphibian toxicity data collected from the scientific literature and ecotoxicological databases were compared with toxicity data for mammals and birds. Toxicity data for terrestrial amphibian life stages are generally sparse, as noted in previous reviews. Single-dose oral toxicity data for terrestrial amphibian life stages were available for 26 chemicals and these were positively correlated with LD50 values for mammals, while no correlation was found for birds. Further, the data suggest that oral toxicity to terrestrial amphibian life stages is similar to or lower than that for mammals and birds, with a few exceptions. Thus, mammals or birds are considered adequate toxicity surrogates for use in the assessment of the oral exposure route in amphibians. However, there is a need for further data on a wider range of chemicals to explore the wider applicability of the current analyses and recommendations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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