A Comprehensive Electric Vehicle Model for Vehicle-to-Grid Strategy Development
| Autor: | Fabian Rücker, Ilka Schoeneberger, Till Wilmschen, Ahmed Chahbaz, Philipp Dechent, Felix Hildenbrand, Elias Barbers, Matthias Kuipers, Jan Figgener, Dirk Uwe Sauer |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Control and Optimization
electric vehicle battery components calendar aging cycle aging battery model liquid cooling charging control charger efficiency Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment FOS: Electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology Building and Construction Systems and Control (eess.SY) Electrical and Electronic Engineering ddc:620 Engineering (miscellaneous) Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control Energy (miscellaneous) |
| Zdroj: | Energies : open-access journal of related scientific research, technology development and studies in policy and management 15(12), 4186 (2022). doi:10.3390/en15124186 Energies; Volume 15; Issue 12; Pages: 4186 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/en15124186 |
| Popis: | An electric vehicle model is developed to characterize the behavior of the Smart e.d. (2013) while driving, charging and providing vehicle-to-grid services. The battery model is an electro-thermal model with a dual polarization equivalent circuit electrical model coupled with a lumped thermal model with active liquid cooling. The aging trend of the EV's 50 Ah large format pouch cell with NMC chemistry is evaluated via accelerated aging tests in the laboratory. The EV model is completed with the measurement of the on-board charger efficiency and the charging control behavior via IEC 61851-1. Performance of the model is validated using laboratory pack tests, charging and driving field data. The RMSE of the cell voltage was between 18.49 mV and 67.17 mV per cell for the validation profiles. Cells stored at 100 % SOC and 40 $^{\circ}C$ reached end-of-life (80 % of initial capacity) after 431 days to 589 days. The end-of-life for a cell cycled with 80 % DOD around an SOC of 50 % is reached after 3634 equivalent full cycles which equates to a driving distance of over 420000 km. The full parameter set of the model is provided to serve as a resource for vehicle-to-grid strategy development. 26 pages, 41 figures, under review at Energies (MDPI) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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