Identification of Neurons with a Privileged Role in Sleep Homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster
Autor: | Stephen W. Roberts, Pavel Masek, James E. Robinson, Glen A. Seidner, William J. Joiner, Kurtresha Worden, Meilin Wu, Alex C. Keene |
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Rok vydání: | 2015 |
Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Circadian clock Biology General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Receptors Biogenic Amine Internal medicine medicine Biological neural network Animals Homeostasis Circadian rhythm Cholinergic neuron Wakefulness Neuroscience of sleep 030304 developmental biology Neurons 0303 health sciences Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all) Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology(all) Brain Sleep in non-human animals Circadian Rhythm Sleep deprivation Endocrinology Drosophila melanogaster Memory Short-Term Models Animal medicine.symptom General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Arousal Sleep Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | Current Biology. 25(22):2928-2938 |
ISSN: | 0960-9822 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.cub.2015.10.006 |
Popis: | Sleep is thought to be controlled by two main processes: a circadian clock that primarily regulates sleep timing and a homeostatic mechanism that detects and responds to sleep need. Whereas abundant experimental evidence suggests that sleep need increases with time spent awake, the contributions of different brain arousal systems have not been assessed independently of each other to determine whether certain neural circuits, rather than waking per se, selectively contribute to sleep homeostasis. Using the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, we found that sustained thermogenetic activation of three independent neurotransmitter systems promoted nighttime wakefulness. However, only sleep deprivation resulting from activation of cholinergic neurons was sufficient to elicit subsequent homeostatic recovery sleep, as assessed by multiple behavioral criteria. In contrast, sleep deprivation resulting from activation of octopaminergic neurons suppressed homeostatic recovery sleep, indicating that wakefulness can be dissociated from accrual of sleep need. Neurons that promote sleep homeostasis were found to innervate the central brain and motor control regions of the thoracic ganglion. Blocking activity of these neurons suppressed recovery sleep but did not alter baseline sleep, further differentiating between neural control of sleep homeostasis and daily fluctuations in the sleep/wake cycle. Importantly, selective activation of wake-promoting neurons without engaging the sleep homeostat impaired subsequent short-term memory, thus providing evidence that neural circuits that regulate sleep homeostasis are important for behavioral plasticity. Together, our data suggest a neural circuit model involving distinct populations of wake-promoting neurons, some of which are involved in homeostatic control of sleep and cognition. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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