Toxic effects of chemical warfare agent mixtures on the mussel Mytilus trossulus in the Baltic Sea: A laboratory exposure study
| Autor: | Katja Broeg, Raisa Turja, Nicole Höher, Rune Berglind, Jenny Rattfelt Nyholm, Mia Halme, Matthias Brenner, Paula Vanninen, Janina Baršienė, Laura Butrimavičienė, Per Leffler, Maaret Karjalainen, Kari K. Lehtonen, Hanna Niemikoski, Anders Östin |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Baltic States
0106 biological sciences Chemical Warfare Agents chemistry.chemical_element Aquatic Science Oceanography 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Animals 14. Life underwater Arsenic Mytilus biology 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Mytilus trossulus fungi Adamsite General Medicine Mussel biology.organism_classification Bioaccumulation Pollution 6. Clean water Chemical warfare chemistry 13. Climate action Benthic zone Environmental chemistry Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Marine Environmental Research. 145:112-122 |
| ISSN: | 0141-1136 |
| Popis: | Baltic blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus) were implemented to assess potential toxicity, health impairments and bioaccumulation of dumped chemical warfare agents on marine benthic organisms. Mussels were collected from a pristine cultivation side and exposed under laboratory conditions to different mixtures of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) related phenyl arsenic compounds, Clark I and Adamsite as well as chloroacetophenone. Using a multi-biomarker approach, mussels were assessed thereafter for effects at different organisational levels ranging from geno-to cytotoxic effects, differences in enzyme kinetics and immunological responses. In an integrated approach, chemical analysis of water and tissue of the test organisms was performed in parallel. The results show clearly that exposed mussels bioaccumulate the oxidized forms of chemical warfare agents Clark I, Adamsite (DAox and DMox) and, to a certain extent, also chloroacetophenone into their tissues. Adverse effects in the test organisms at subcellular and functional level, including cytotoxic, immunotoxic and oxidative stress effects were visible. These acute effects occurred even at the lowest test concentration. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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