Regulation of Mammalian Autophagy in Physiology and Pathophysiology
| Autor: | Sovan Sarkar, Viktor I. Korolchuk, Brinda Ravikumar, Ashley R. Winslow, Janet E. Davies, Dunecan Massey, Shouqing Luo, Usha Narayanan, Zeyn W. Green-Thompson, Moisés García-Arencibia, Benjamin R. Underwood, Farah H. Siddiqi, Maike Lichtenberg, Maria Jimenez-Sanchez, Fiona M. Menzies, David C. Rubinsztein, Kevin Moreau, Maurizio Renna, Marie Futter |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Ravikumar, Brinda, Sarkar, Sovan, Davies, Janet E., Futter, Marie, Garcia-Arencibia, Moise, Green-Thompson, Zeyn W., Jimenez-Sanchez, Maria, Korolchuk, Viktor I., Lichtenberg, Maike, Luo, Shouqing, Massey, Dunecan C. O., Menzies, Fiona M., Moreau, Kevin, Narayanan, Usha, Renna, Maurizio, Siddiqi, Farah H., Underwood, Benjamin R., Winslow And, Ashley R., Rubinsztein, David C. |
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Physiology
Epiphenomenon Eukaryotic Cell Disease Biology Mammal Downregulation and upregulation Stress Physiological Phagosomes Physiology (medical) Autophagy medicine Animals Humans Molecular Biology Phagosome Mammals Animal Autophagy database Neurodegeneration General Medicine medicine.disease Cell biology Eukaryotic Cells Cytoplasm Signal transduction Human Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Physiological Reviews. 90:1383-1435 |
| ISSN: | 1522-1210 0031-9333 |
| DOI: | 10.1152/physrev.00030.2009 |
| Popis: | (Macro)autophagy is a bulk degradation process that mediates the clearance of long-lived proteins and organelles. Autophagy is initiated by double-membraned structures, which engulf portions of cytoplasm. The resulting autophagosomes ultimately fuse with lysosomes, where their contents are degraded. Although the term autophagy was first used in 1963, the field has witnessed dramatic growth in the last 5 years, partly as a consequence of the discovery of key components of its cellular machinery. In this review we focus on mammalian autophagy, and we give an overview of the understanding of its machinery and the signaling cascades that regulate it. As recent studies have also shown that autophagy is critical in a range of normal human physiological processes, and defective autophagy is associated with diverse diseases, including neurodegeneration, lysosomal storage diseases, cancers, and Crohn's disease, we discuss the roles of autophagy in health and disease, while trying to critically evaluate if the coincidence between autophagy and these conditions is causal or an epiphenomenon. Finally, we consider the possibility of autophagy upregulation as a therapeutic approach for various conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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