Critical review of real-time methods for solid waste characterisation: Informing material recovery and fuel production
| Autor: | Philip J. Longhurst, Stuart Thomas Wagland, Carlos Vrancken |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Optics and Photonics
Engineering Municipal solid waste 020209 energy Process analytical technology media_common.quotation_subject Energy from waste Legislation 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Solid Waste 01 natural sciences Fluorescence Real-time sensors Waste Management Waste derived fuel 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Production (economics) Recycling Ultrasonics Quality (business) Particle Size Microwaves Process engineering Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common Waste management business.industry Lasers Carbon Refuse Disposal Solid waste Waste-to-energy Waste treatment Waste analysis Environmental Pollutants Cleaner production business Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions Methane |
| Popis: | Waste management processes generally represent a significant loss of material, energy and economic resources, so legislation and financial incentives are being implemented to improve the recovery of these valuable resources whilst reducing contamination levels. Material recovery and waste derived fuels are potentially valuable options being pursued by industry, using mechanical and biological processes incorporating sensor and sorting technologies developed and optimised for recycling plants. In its current state, waste management presents similarities to other industries that could improve their efficiencies using process analytical technology tools. Existing sensor technologies could be used to measure critical waste characteristics, providing data required by existing legislation, potentially aiding waste treatment processes and assisting stakeholders in decision making. Optical technologies offer the most flexible solution to gather real-time information applicable to each of the waste mechanical and biological treatment processes used by industry. In particular, combinations of optical sensors in the visible and the near-infrared range from 800 nm to 2500 nm of the spectrum, and different mathematical techniques, are able to provide material information and fuel properties with typical performance levels between 80% and 90%. These sensors not only could be used to aid waste processes, but to provide most waste quality indicators required by existing legislation, whilst offering better tools to the stakeholders. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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