A meta-analysis of public compliance to boil water advisories
| Autor: | Sridhar Vedachalam, Kyra T. Spotte-Smith, Susan J. Riha |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Health Knowledge
Attitudes Practice Engineering medicine.medical_specialty Environmental Engineering Water supply 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Extreme weather 0302 clinical medicine Water Supply Water Quality Recall bias Boil-water advisory medicine Humans Operations management 030212 general & internal medicine Duration (project management) Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering Receipt Service (business) Consumer Health Information Information Dissemination business.industry Drinking Water Ecological Modeling Public health Water Pollution Environmental engineering Consumer Behavior Pollution Guideline Adherence Public Health business |
| Zdroj: | Water Research. 94:136-145 |
| ISSN: | 0043-1354 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.014 |
| Popis: | Water utilities that generally provide continuous and reliable service to their customers may sometimes issue an advisory notification when service is interrupted or water quality is compromised. When the contamination is biological, utilities or the local public health agencies issue a 'boil water advisory' (BWA). The public health effectiveness of a BWA depends strongly on an implicit public understanding and compliance. In this study, a meta-analysis of 11 articles that investigated public compliance to BWA notifications was conducted. Awareness of BWA was moderately high, except in situations involving extreme weather. Reported rates of compliance were generally high, but when rate of awareness and non-compliant behavior such as brushing teeth were factored in, the median effective compliance rate was found to be around 68 percent. This does not include situations where people forgot to boil water for some part of the duration, or ingested contaminated water after the BWA was issued but before they became aware of the notification. The two-thirds compliance rate is thus an over-estimate. Results further suggest that timeliness of receipt, content of the advisory, and number of sources reporting the advisory have a significant impact on public response and compliance. This analysis points to improvements in the phrasing and content of BWA notices that could result in greater compliance, and recommends the use of a standard protocol to limit recall bias and capture the public response accurately. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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