Overview of the Muscle Cytoskeleton
| Autor: | Christopher G. Gomez, Christine A. Henderson, Stefanie M. Novak, Carol C. Gregorio, Lei Mi-Mi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Sarcomeres
0301 basic medicine Myofilament Skeletal muscle Myosins Muscle disorder Biology Sarcomere Actins Article Cell biology 03 medical and health sciences Nebulin 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Myosin medicine biology.protein Animals Humans Intercalated disc Cytoskeleton Costamere Muscle Contraction |
| Zdroj: | Comprehensive Physiology |
| DOI: | 10.1002/cphy.c160033 |
| Popis: | Cardiac and skeletal striated muscles are intricately designed machines responsible for muscle contraction. Coordination of the basic contractile unit, the sarcomere, and the complex cytoskeletal networks are critical for contractile activity. The sarcomere is comprised of precisely organized individual filament systems that include thin (actin), thick (myosin), titin, and nebulin. Connecting the sarcomere to other organelles (e.g., mitochondria and nucleus) and serving as the scaffold to maintain cellular integrity are the intermediate filaments. The costamere, on the other hand, tethers the sarcomere to the cell membrane. Unique structures like the intercalated disc in cardiac muscle and the myotendinous junction in skeletal muscle help synchronize and transmit force. Intense investigation has been done on many of the proteins that make up these cytoskeletal assemblies. Yet the details of their function and how they interconnect have just started to be elucidated. A vast number of human myopathies are contributed to mutations in muscle proteins; thus understanding their basic function provides a mechanistic understanding of muscle disorders. In this review, we highlight the components of striated muscle with respect to their interactions, signaling pathways, functions, and connections to disease. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:891-944, 2017. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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