Mid-to-late M Dwarfs Lack Jupiter Analogs
| Autor: | Pass, Emily K, Winters, Jennifer G, Charbonneau, David, Irwin, Jonathan M, Latham, David W, Berlind, Perry, Calkins, Michael L, Esquerdo, Gilbert A, Mink, Jessica |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Pass, EK [0000-0002-1533-9029], Winters, JG [0000-0001-6031-9513], Charbonneau, D [0000-0002-9003-484X], Latham, DW [0000-0001-9911-7388], Calkins, ML [0000-0002-2830-5661], Esquerdo, GA [0000-0002-9789-5474], Mink, J [0000-0003-3594-1823], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository |
| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| Popis: | Cold Jovian planets play an important role in sculpting the dynamical environment in which inner terrestrial planets form. The core accretion model predicts that giant planets cannot form around low-mass M dwarfs, although this idea has been challenged by recent planet discoveries. Here, we investigate the occurrence rate of giant planets around low-mass (0.1-0.3M$_\odot$) M dwarfs. We monitor a volume-complete, inactive sample of 200 such stars located within 15 parsecs, collecting four high-resolution spectra of each M dwarf over six years and performing intensive follow-up monitoring of two candidate radial-velocity variables. We use TRES on the 1.5 m telescope at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and CHIRON on the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory 1.5 m telescope for our primary campaign, and MAROON-X on Gemini North for high-precision follow-up. We place a 95%-confidence upper limit of 1.5% (68%-confidence limit of 0.57%) on the occurrence of $M_{\rm P}$sin$i > $1M$_{\rm J}$ giant planets out to the water snow line and provide additional constraints on the giant planet population as a function of $M_{\rm P}$sin$i$ and period. Beyond the snow line ($100$ K $< T_{\rm eq} < 150$ K), we place 95%-confidence upper limits of 1.5%, 1.7%, and 4.4% (68%-confidence limits of 0.58%, 0.66%, and 1.7%) for 3M$_{\rm J} < M_{\rm P}$sin$i < 10$M$_{\rm J}$, 0.8M$_{\rm J} < M_{\rm P}$sin$i < 3$M$_{\rm J}$, and 0.3M$_{\rm J} < M_{\rm P}$sin$i < 0.8$M$_{\rm J}$ giant planets; i.e., Jupiter analogs are rare around low-mass M dwarfs. In contrast, surveys of Sun-like stars have found that their giant planets are most common at these Jupiter-like instellations. Accepted for publication in AJ; 19 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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