Water Quality Trading With Equitable Total Maximum Daily Loads

Autor: S. Jamshidi, E. Feizi Ashtiani, M. Ardestani
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1107645
Popis: Waste Load Allocation (WLA) strategies usually intend to find economic policies for water resource management. Water quality trading (WQT) is an approach that uses discharge permit market to reduce total environmental protection costs. This primarily requires assigning discharge limits known as total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). These are determined by monitoring organizations with respect to the receiving water quality and remediation capabilities. The purpose of this study is to compare two approaches of TMDL assignment for WQT policy in small catchment area of Haraz River, in north of Iran. At first, TMDLs are assigned uniformly for the whole point sources to keep the concentrations of BOD and dissolved oxygen (DO) at the standard level at checkpoint (terminus point). This was simply simulated and controlled by Qual2kw software. In the second scenario, TMDLs are assigned using multi objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) method in which the environmental violation at river basin and total treatment costs are minimized simultaneously. In both scenarios, the equity index and the WLA based on trading discharge permits (TDP) are calculated. The comparative results showed that using economically optimized TMDLs (2nd scenario) has slightly more cost savings rather than uniform TMDL approach (1st scenario). The former annually costs about 1 M$ while the latter is 1.15 M$. WQT can decrease these annual costs to 0.9 and 1.1 M$, respectively. In other word, these approaches may save 35 and 45% economically in comparison with command and control policy. It means that using multi objective decision support systems (DSS) may find more economical WLA, however its outcome is not necessarily significant in comparison with uniform TMDLs. This may be due to the similar impact factors of dischargers in small catchments. Conversely, using uniform TMDLs for WQT brings more equity that makes stakeholders not feel that much envious of difference between TMDL and WQT allocation. In addition, for this case, determination of TMDLs uniformly would be much easier for monitoring. Consequently, uniform TMDL for TDP market is recommended as a sustainable approach. However, economical TMDLs can be used for larger watersheds.
{"references":["USEPA \"Water quality trading assessment handbook\", 2004, 1-120.","S. Jamshidi, MH. Niksokhan, M. Ardestani \"Surface Water Quality\nManagement Using Integrated Discharge Permit and Reclaimed Water\nMarket\" Water Science and Technology, 70(5), 2014, 917-924.","D. Collentine, \"Including non-point sources in a water quality trading\npermit program\", Water science and technology, 51(3-4), 2005, 47-53.","R.A., Ranga Prabodanie, J.F. Raffensperger, M.W. Milke, \"A pollution\noffset system for trading non-point source water pollution permits\",\nEnvironmental and Resource Economics, 45, 2010, 499-515.","M.O. Ribaudo, J. Gottlieb, \"Point-Nonpoint Trading – Can it Work?\",\nJournal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA), 47(1),\n2011, 5-14.","B. Boyd, R. Greenwood, \"Water quality trading: Assessment methods\nand lessons\", Environmental Quality Management, 2005, 23-29.","M.R., Nikoo, R., Kerachian, M.H. Niksokhan, \"Equitable Waste Load\nAllocation in Rivers Using Fuzzy Bi-matrix Games\", Water Resources\nManagement, 26(15), 2012, 4539-4552.","M.H., Niksokhan, R. Kerachian, P. Amin, \"A stochastic conflict\nresolution model for trading pollutant discharge permits in river\nsystems\", Environmental Monitoring and assessment, 154, 2009, 219-\n232.","M. H., Niksokhan, R. Kerachian, M. Karamouz, \"A game theoretic\napproach for trading discharge permits in rivers\", Water Science and\nTechnology, 60(3), 2009, 793-804.\n[10] N. P., Nguyen, J. S., Shortle, P. M. Reed, T. T. Nguyen, \"Water quality\ntrading with asymmetric information, uncertainty and transaction costs:\na stochastic agent-based simulation\", Resource and Energy Economics,\n35(1), 2013, 60-90.\n[11] J. S. Kardos, C. C. Obropta, \"Water quality model uncertainty analysis\nof a point-point source phosphorus trading program\", Journal of the\nAmerican Water Resources Association (JAWRA), 47(6), 2011, 1317-\n1337.\n[12] G, Ghosh M, Ribaudo J, Shortle, \"Baseline requirements can hinder\ntrades in water quality trading programs: Evidence from the Conestoga\nwatershed\". Journal of environmental management, 92, 2011, 2076-\n2084.\n[13] D. O'Grady, \"Sociopolitical conditions for successful water quality\ntrading in the south nation river watershed, Ontario, Canada\", Journal of\nthe American Water Resources Association (JAWRA), 47(1), 2011, 39-\n51.\n[14] JW, Eheart, T, Ling Ng, \"Role of effluent permit trading in total\nmaximum daily load programs: Overview and uncertainty and reliability\nimplications\". Journal of environmental engineering ASCE, 130(6),\n2004, 615-621\n[15] A., Pejman, G., Nabi Bidhendi, A., Karbassi, N. Mehrdadi, M. Esmaeili\nBidhendi, \"Evaluation of spatial and seasonal variations in surface water\nquality using multivariate statistical techniques\", International Journal\nof Environmental Science and Technology, 6(3), 2009, 467-476.\n[16] E., Feizi Ashtiani, M. H. Niksokhan, M. Ardestani, \"Multi-objective\nWaste Load Allocation in River System by MOPSO Algorithm\",\nInternational Journal of Environmental Research, in press.\n[17] P. R., Kannel, S., Lee, Y.S., Lee, S. R. Kanel, G. J. Pelletier,\n\"Application of automated Qualt2kw for water quality modelling and\nmanagement in the Bagmati River, Nepal\", Ecological Modelling, 202,\n2007, 503-517.\n[18] A. M. Baltar, D. G. Fontane, \"Use of multi-objective particle swarm\noptimization in water resource management\", Journal of water resource\nplanning and management, 134(3), 2008, 257-265.\n[19] A. Azadnia, B. Zahraie, \"Optimization of nonlinear Muskingum method\nwith variable parameters using multi-objective particle swarm\noptimization\", World environmental and Water Resources Congress,\nASCE, 2010, 2278-2284\n[20] Ashtiani, E. F., Niksokhan, M. H., & Jamshidi, S. (2015), \"Equitable\nfund allocation, an economical approach for sustainable waste load\nallocation\" Environmental monitoring and assessment, 187(8), 1-11.\n[21] I., Rahimi, K. Qaderi, A.M. Abasiyan, \"Optimal Reservoir Operation\nUsing MOPSO with Time Variant Inertia and Acceleration\nCoefficients\", Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, 1(3), 2013,\n74-80.\n[22] D. H. Burn, J.S. Yulianti \"Waste-load allocation using genetic\nalgorithms\", Journal of Water Resource Planning and Management,\n127(2), 2001, 121-129."]}
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: