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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey Departments of Medical Laboratory Tecniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Istanbul Gelisim University, 34310 Istanbul, Turkey E-mail: nurcihantan@gmail.com Manuscript received online 19 October 2020, revised and accepted 21 November 2020 The aim of this study was to model ultrasound-assissted extraction (UAE) of antioxidants from lemon peels using an experimental design coupled with multi-response desirability function. A Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was employed to investigate the effects of sonication time (2, 6, 10 min), ratio of acetone in extraction solvent (0, 50, 100%) and volume of solvent (10, 15, 20 mL) on antioxidant capacity of the peel. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hidrazil (DPPH·), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+), N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylene diamine dihydrocholide (DMPD+) radical scavenging activity, β-caroten bleaching and reducing power antioxidant assays were responses in the optimization process. It was found that the optimum UAE parameters were extraction time of 6 min, 80% acetone, volume of 12 mL as extraction solvent. Under these optimum UAE conditions, maximum antioxidant capacity of lemon peel was obtained. By this rapid, easy and efficient process, extraction of valuable antioxidants in by-products such as lemon peels can be conducted. |
