Vegetated treatment area (VTAs) efficiencies for E. coli and nutrient removal on small-scale swine operations
| Autor: | Kevin Wagner, Terry J. Gentry, R. Daren Harmel, Chad Hajda, Kori D. Higgs, Patti K. Smith, Doug R. Smith, Rehanon Pampell, R.L. Haney |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Soil Science
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Animal science Nutrient lcsh:TA1-2040 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Surface runoff lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Agronomy and Crop Science 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Nature and Landscape Conservation Water Science and Technology |
| Zdroj: | International Soil and Water Conservation Research, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 153-164 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 2095-6339 |
| Popis: | As small-scale animal feeding operations work to manage their byproducts and avoid regulation, they need practical, cost-effective methods to reduce environmental impact. One such option is using vegetative treatment areas (VTAs) with perennial grasses to treat runoff; however, research is limited on VTA effectiveness as a waste management alternative for smaller operations. This study evaluated the efficiencies of VTAs in reducing bacteria and nutrient runoff from small-scale swine operations in three counties in Central Texas. Based on 4 yr of runoff data, the Bell and Brazos VTAs significantly reduced loads and concentrations of E. coli and nutrients (except NO3-N) and had treatment efficiencies of 73–94%. Most notably, the Bell VTA reduced loads of E. coli, NH4-N, PO4-P, total N, and total P similar to that of the background (control). In spite of significant reductions, runoff from the Brazos VTA had higher concentrations and loads than the control site, especially following installation of concrete pens and increased pen washing, which produced standing water and increased E. coli and nutrient influx. The Robertson VTA produced fewer significant reductions and had lower treatment efficiencies (29–69%); however, E. coli and nutrient concentrations and loads leaving this VTA were much lower than observed at the Bell and Brazos County sites due to alternative solids management and enclosed pens. Based on these results and previous research, VTAs can be practical, effective waste management alternatives for reducing nutrient and bacteria losses from small-scale animal operations, but only if properly designed and managed. Keywords: Bacteria, Nutrients, Swine manure, Waste management, Water quality |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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