Site-Specific Fracture Healing: Comparison between Diaphysis and Metaphysis in the Mouse Long Bone
| Autor: | Jiro Takito, Masanori Nakamura, Satoshi Inoue |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Medullary cavity Callus formation QH301-705.5 Long bone Bone healing Metaphysis Review Biology Catalysis Bone remodeling Inorganic Chemistry Hox genes Fractures Bone Mice Osteogenesis Internal medicine medullary callus medicine estrogen Animals diaphysis Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Biology (General) metaphysis Molecular Biology QD1-999 Spectroscopy bone remodeling Organic Chemistry Osteoblast General Medicine fracture healing Computer Science Applications Diaphysis Chemistry medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology ovariectomy skeletal stem cells Diaphyses |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 9299, p 9299 (2021) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | The process of fracture healing varies depending upon internal and external factors, such as the fracture site, mode of injury, and mechanical environment. This review focuses on site-specific fracture healing, particularly diaphyseal and metaphyseal healing in mouse long bones. Diaphyseal fractures heal by forming the periosteal and medullary callus, whereas metaphyseal fractures heal by forming the medullary callus. Bone healing in ovariectomized mice is accompanied by a decrease in the medullary callus formation both in the diaphysis and metaphysis. Administration of estrogen after fracture significantly recovers the decrease in diaphyseal healing but fails to recover the metaphyseal healing. Thus, the two bones show different osteogenic potentials after fracture in ovariectomized mice. This difference may be attributed to the heterogeneity of the skeletal stem cells (SSCs)/osteoblast progenitors of the two bones. The Hox genes that specify the patterning of the mammalian skeleton during embryogenesis are upregulated during the diaphyseal healing. Hox genes positively regulate the differentiation of osteoblasts from SSCs in vitro. During bone grafting, the SSCs in the donor’s bone express Hox with adaptability in the heterologous bone. These novel functions of the Hox genes are discussed herein with reference to the site-specificity of fracture healing. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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