Psychotic-spectrum symptoms, cumulative adversity exposure and substance use among high-risk girls
| Autor: | Audrey N. Beck, Amy E. Lansing, Shahrokh Golshan, Christine Fennema-Notestine, Wendy Y. Plante |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adolescent
Hallucinations Substance-Related Disorders media_common.quotation_subject Ethnic group Violence Anger Vulnerable Populations Article Delusions Life Change Events 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Adaptation Psychological Humans Medicine Paranoia Biological Psychiatry media_common business.industry Hypervigilance Mental health Health equity 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Psychotic Disorders Adolescent Behavior Juvenile Delinquency Female Pshychiatric Mental Health Substance use medicine.symptom business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology Psychopathology |
| Zdroj: | Early Intervention in Psychiatry. 12:74-86 |
| ISSN: | 1751-7885 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/eip.12533 |
| Popis: | Aim Psychotic-spectrum symptoms are linked to trauma, substance/alcohol use (SAU), criminality/violence and poor functional outcomes, supporting the need for early detection in vulnerable populations. To better understand high-risk girls' mental health, we assessed: (1) psychotic-spectrum symptoms; (2) cumulative trauma, adversity and loss exposures (C-TALE) and adversity-indicators (symptoms, maladaptive coping, stressor-reactivity); and SAU risk-factors; and (3) relationships among psychotic-spectrum symptoms, adversity-indicators and SAU risk-factors. Methods We administered the Structured Clinical Interviews for Psychotic Spectrum, and Trauma and Loss Spectrum to 158 adolescent delinquent girls. Results Girls' psychotic-spectrum profiles were similar to previously reported adult psychotic patients and characterized by typical symptoms (hallucinations/delusions, reported largely SAU-independent), interpersonal sensitivity, schizoid traits and paranoia (over-interpretation, anger over-reactivity, hypervigilance). Auditory/visual hallucinations (55.7%), delusions (92.4%), ideas of reference (96.8%) and adversity (90.0% ≥10/24 C-TALE-types) were common. Mean loss (4) and trauma (8) onset-age occurred before SAU-onset (12). Significant positive correlations were found among psychotic-spectrum symptoms, stressor-reactivity, C-TALE, adversity-indicators; and number of SAU-types; and a negative correlation occurred between psychotic-spectrum symptoms and earlier alcohol use onset. After controlling for number of SAU-types, stressor-reactivity and adversity-related numbing individually had the largest associations with total psychotic-spectrum symptoms (b = 2.6-4.3). Girls averaged more than 4 maladaptive coping strategies (e.g., 24.8% attempted suicide) in response to adversity, amplifying potential health-disparities. No racial/ethnic differences emerged on psychotic-spectrum symptoms. Conclusions This symptom constellation during adolescence likely interferes with social and academic functioning. Whether representing a prodromal phase, trauma-response or cross-diagnostic psychopathology, accurate early detection and appropriate treatment of psychotic-spectrum symptoms are warranted to improve functional outcomes in vulnerable populations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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