Modeling Associations between Chemosensation, Liking for Fats and Sweets, Dietary Behaviors and Body Mass Index in Chronic Smokers
| Autor: | Mark D. Litt, Tania B. Huedo-Medina, Valerie B. Duffy, Brittany A. Larsen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Taste Dietary Sugars Physiology tobacco law.invention taste 0302 clinical medicine law smell 030212 general & internal medicine media_common 2. Zero hunger Nutrition and Dietetics Smoking e-cigarettes Middle Aged 3. Good health sweet liking Taste intensity behavior and behavior mechanisms Female medicine.symptom lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Dieting Adult Adolescent fat liking media_common.quotation_subject lcsh:TX341-641 body mass index Models Biological Article Food Preferences Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences medicine Humans 030109 nutrition & dietetics business.industry Appetite Odor identification Weight control Dietary Fats Diet dietary behaviors chronic smoking business cigarettes Electronic cigarette Body mass index Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients Nutrients, Vol 11, Iss 2, p 271 (2019) Volume 11 Issue 2 |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/nu11020271 |
| Popis: | Chronic smokers have a greater risk for altered chemosensation, unhealthy dietary patterns, and excessive adiposity. In an observational study of chronic smokers, we modeled relationships between chemosensation, fat/carbohydrate liking, smoking-associated dietary behaviors, and body mass index (BMI). Also tested in the model was liking for sweet electronic cigarette juice (e-juice). Smokers (n = 135, 37 ± 11 years) were measured for: Taste genetics (intensity of 6-n-propylthiouracil&mdash PROP) taste (NaCl and quinine intensities) and olfactory (odor identification) function liking for cherry e-juice and weight/height to calculate BMI. Smokers survey-reported their food liking and use of smoking for appetite/weight control. Structural equation models tested direct and indirect relationships between chemosensation, fat/carbohydrate liking, dietary behaviors, and BMI. In good-fitting models, taste intensity was linked to BMI variation through fat/carbohydrate liking (greater PROP intensity&rarr greater NaCl intensity&rarr greater food liking&rarr higher BMI). Olfactory function tended to predict sweet e-juice liking, which, in turn, partially mediated the food liking and BMI association. The path between smoking-associated dietary behaviors and BMI was direct and independent of chemosensation or liking. These findings indicate that taste associates with BMI in chronic smokers through liking of fats/carbohydrates. Future research should determine if vaping sweet e-juice could improve diet quality and adiposity for smokers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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