The neurogenic effects of an enriched environment and its protection against the behavioral consequences of chronic mild stress persistent after enrichment cessation in six-month-old female Balb/C mice

Autor: Gerardo Ramírez-Rodríguez, Erika Monserrat Estrada-Camarena, Julian Oikawa-Sala, Ariadna Gómez-Sánchez, Nelly Maritza Vega-Rivera, Leonardo Ortiz-López
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Doublecortin Domain Proteins
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Anhedonia
Neurogenesis
Hippocampus
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Environment
Hippocampal formation
Biology
BALB/c
03 medical and health sciences
Behavioral Neuroscience
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Neural Stem Cells
Corticosterone
Internal medicine
medicine
Animals
health care economics and organizations
Cell Proliferation
Neurons
Depressive Disorder
Mice
Inbred BALB C
Environmental enrichment
Dentate gyrus
Neuropeptides
biology.organism_classification
Housing
Animal
Immunohistochemistry
Doublecortin
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
Bromodeoxyuridine
chemistry
Chronic Disease
Dentate Gyrus
biology.protein
Female
Microtubule-Associated Proteins
Neuroscience
Blood Chemical Analysis
Stress
Psychological
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Behavioural Brain Research. 301:72-83
ISSN: 0166-4328
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.12.028
Popis: Because stress may underlie the presence of depressive episodes, strategies to produce protection against or to reverse the effects of stress on neuroplasticity and behavior are relevant. Preclinical studies showed that exposure to stimuli, such as physical activity and environmental enrichment (ENR), produce beneficial effects against stress causing antidepressant-like effects in rodents. Additionally, ENR induces positive effects on neuroplasticity, neurochemistry and behavior at any age of rodents tested. Here, we analyzed whether ENR exposure prevents the development of depressive-like behavior produced by unpredictable, chronic mild stress (CMS) exposure as well as changes in hippocampal neurogenesis in a six-month-old female Balb/C mice, strain that shows low baseline levels of hippocampal neurogenesis. Mice were assigned to one of four groups: (1) normal housing-normal housing (NH-NH), (2) NH-CMS, (3) ENR-NH, or (4) ENR-CMS. The animals were exposed over 46 days to ENR or NH and subsequently to NH or CMS for 4 weeks. ENR induces long-term effects protecting against CMS induction of anhedonia and hopelessness behaviors. Independent of housing conditions, ENR increased the number of proliferative cells (Ki67), and CMS decreased the number of proliferative cells. ENR increased the newborn cells (BrdU) and mature phenotypes of neurons; these effects were not changed by CMS exposure. Similarly, the number of doublecortin-positive cells was not affected by CMS in ENR mice, which showed more cells with complex dendrite arborizations. Our study suggests that ENR induces protection against the effects of CMS on behavior and neuroplasticity in six-month-old Balb/C mice.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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