Immunological status and virological suppression among HIV-infected adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy
| Autor: | Eyuel Kassa, Gizachew Abebe, Aregawi Yalew, Amanuel Teketel, Degefaye Zelalem Anlay, Debasu Damtie, Belete Biadgo, Mulugeta Melku, Fikir Asrie |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty HAART Referral medicine.drug_class 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active Internal medicine medicine Immunological status Humans Adults 030212 general & internal medicine Aged 0105 earth and related environmental sciences business.industry lcsh:Public aspects of medicine Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Virological suppression lcsh:RA1-1270 General Medicine Odds ratio Middle Aged Viral Load Antiretroviral therapy CD4 Lymphocyte Count Regimen Cross-Sectional Studies Cohort HIV/AIDS Female Disease Susceptibility Ethiopia Antiviral drug business Viral load Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2020) Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine |
| ISSN: | 1347-4715 |
| Popis: | Background World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that viral load ([VL) is a primary tool that clinicians and researchers have used to monitor patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART), an antiviral drug against retroviruses. Whereas, CD4 cell counts can only be used to monitor clinical response to ART in the absence of VL testing service. Therefore, this study is aimed to assess the level of immunological status and virological suppression, and identify associated factors among human immunodeficiency virus ([HIV)-infected adults who were taking antiretroviral drugs of combination regimen know as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized referral hospital from February to April 2018. A total of 323 adult participants on HAART were selected using a systematic random sampling technique and enrolled into the study. Blood samples for viral load determination and CD4 cell count were collected. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with immunologic status and virological suppression in HIV patients on HAART. Odds ratio with 95% CI was used to measure the strength of association. Results Virological suppression (VL level 3 (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.56; 95% CI 1.14, 5.75) and > 499 cells/mm3 (AOR = 7.71; 95% CI 3.48, 17.09) at VL testing and current age > 45 years old (AOR = 5.99; 95% CI 2.12, 16.91). Similarly, favorable immunological status (≥ 400 cells/mm3 for male and ≥ 466 cells/mm3 for female) was observed in 52.9% (95% CI 47.4, 58.8) of the study participants. Baseline CD4 cell count of > 200 cells/mm3, age at enrollment of 26 through 40 years old, and urban residence were significantly associated with favorable immunological status. Conclusion Though the majority of HIV-infected adults who were on HAART had shown viral suppression, the rate of suppression was sub-optimal according to the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target to help end the AIDS pandemic by 2020. Nonetheless, the rate of immunological recovery in the study cohort was low. Hence, early initiation of HAART should be strengthened to achieve good virological suppression and immunological recovery. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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