Fetal Sex and Preterm Birth
| Autor: | John P. Newnham, Alan D. Bocking, Felice Petraglia, Maryam Yeganegi, John R. G. Challis |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System placenta Reproductive medicine Physiology Prostaglandin Pituitary-Adrenal System chemistry.chemical_compound Fetus Obstetric Labor Premature Pregnancy Risk Factors Stress Physiological Placenta Internal medicine 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 medicine Humans Pregnancy Complications Infectious Sex Characteristics business.industry Probiotics HPA axis Fetal sex Infant Newborn Obstetrics and Gynecology Trophoblast preterm birth medicine.disease Cytokines Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor Trophoblasts medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Reproductive Medicine chemistry embryonic structures Premature Birth Female Inflammation Mediators business Developmental Biology Sex characteristics |
| Popis: | Rates of preterm birth vary between different populations and ethnic groups. Epidemiologic studies have suggested that the incidence of preterm birth is also higher in pregnancies carrying a male fetus; the male:female difference is greater in earlier preterm pregnancy. Placental or chorion trophoblast cells from pregnancies with a male fetus produced more pro-inflammatory TNFα in response to LPS stimulation and less anti-inflammatory IL-10 and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) than cells from pregnancies with a female fetus, more prostaglandin synthase (PTGS-2) and less prostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH). These results suggest that in the presence of a male fetus the trophoblast has the potential to generate a more pro-inflammatory environment. Maturation of the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and expression of placental genes, particularly 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 are also expressed in a sex dependent manner, consistent with the sex-biasing influences on gene networks. Sex differences in these activities may affect clinical outcomes of pre- and post-dates pregnancies and fetal/newborn wellbeing. These factors need consideration in studies of placental function and in the development of personalized strategies for the diagnosis of preterm labor and postnatal health. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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