Lung Recruitment in Localized Lung Injury

Autor:	Avi Nahum, L. Blanch, G. Murias
Rok vydání:	2002
Předmět:	medicine.medical_specialty ARDS Lung business.industry Hydrostatic pressure Atelectasis respiratory system Lung injury Pulmonary edema medicine.disease respiratory tract diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Internal medicine medicine Cardiology Lung volumes business Tidal volume
Zdroj:	Intensive Care Medicine ISBN: 9781475755534 Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2002 ISBN: 9783540431497
Popis:	Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, severe hypoxemia at high breathing oxygen concentrations, the presence of a precipitating underlying disease, acute onset, and absence of left ventricular failure. The pathophysiology of ARDS includes increased membrane permeability, decreased oncotic pressure, and augmented transvascular hydrostatic pressure gradients that cause non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, atelectasis and loss of lung volume. As a result of these alterations, ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) heterogeneity and intrapulmonary shunt increase, and oxygenation is severely impaired. Although acute lung injury (ALI) does not have a unilateral distribution, some degree of in-homogeneity generally exits. In clinical practice, lobar or one lung pneumonia or atelectasis, and lung contusion are common findings. In this scenario, application of positive intrathoracic pressure may over-inflate the uninvolved more compliant lung and divert pulmonary blood flow to the injured lung, thereby worsening V/Q mismatch and decreasing oxygenation [1–7].
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2de9c98da61cec4b154c15ddbdfda4b9 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5551-0_29 Zobrazit plný text záznamu