Toxicity and Anticancer Potential of Karwinskia: A Review
| Autor: | María-de-Lourdes Chávez-Briones, Gilberto Jaramillo-Rangel, Marta Ortega-Martínez, Alberto Niderhauser-García |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Necrosis
Pharmaceutical Science Karwinskia Pharmacology Analytical Chemistry lcsh:QD241-441 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine lcsh:Organic chemistry Drug Discovery medicine Physical and Theoretical Chemistry 0303 health sciences Kidney biology Chemistry Topoisomerase 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology Organic Chemistry Peroxisome activity of plant extracts biology.organism_classification natural bioactive compounds In vitro anticancer agent medicine.anatomical_structure Chemistry (miscellaneous) Apoptosis 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis peroxisomicine A1 Toxicity biology.protein Molecular Medicine medicine.symptom |
| Zdroj: | Molecules, Vol 25, Iss 5590, p 5590 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1420-3049 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/molecules25235590 |
| Popis: | Karwinskia genus consists of shrubs and small trees. Four toxic compounds have been isolated from Karwinskia plants, which were typified as dimeric anthracenones and named T496, T514, T516, and T544. Moreover, several related compounds have been isolated and characterized. Here we review the toxicity of the fruit of Karwinskia plants when ingested (accidentally or experimentally), as well as the toxicity of its isolated compounds. Additionally, we analyze the probable antineoplastic effect of T514. Toxins cause damage mainly to nervous system, liver, lung, and kidney. The pathophysiological mechanism has not been fully understood but includes metabolic and structural alterations that can lead cells to apoptosis or necrosis. T514 has shown selective toxicity in vitro against human cancer cells. T514 causes selective and irreversible damage to peroxisomes; for this reason, it was renamed peroxisomicine A1 (PA1). Since a significant number of malignant cell types contain fewer peroxisomes than normal cells, tumor cells would be more easily destroyed by PA1 than healthy cells. Inhibition of topoisomerase II has also been suggested to play a role in the effect of PA1 on malignant cells. More research is needed, but the evidence obtained so far indicates that PA1 could be an effective anticancer agent. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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