Pathophysiological Molecular Mechanisms of Obesity: A Link between MAFLD and NASH with Cardiovascular Diseases
Autor: | Juan Armendáriz-Borunda, Arturo Santos, Jorge Gutiérrez-Cuevas |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
obesity
QH301-705.5 Disease Type 2 diabetes Review Bioinformatics digestive system Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry Insulin resistance Metabolic Diseases Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Diabetes mellitus metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease insulin resistance medicine Animals Humans Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Risk factor Biology (General) nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Molecular Biology Stroke QD1-999 Spectroscopy business.industry Organic Chemistry Fatty liver nutritional and metabolic diseases General Medicine medicine.disease Obesity digestive system diseases Computer Science Applications cardiovascular diseases Chemistry pharmacological strategies comorbidities of obesity business |
Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11629, p 11629 (2021) |
ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
Popis: | Obesity is now a worldwide epidemic ensuing an increase in comorbidities’ prevalence, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), autoimmune diseases, and some cancers, CVD being one of the main causes of death in the world. Several studies provide evidence for an association between MAFLD and atherosclerosis and cardio-metabolic disorders, including CVDs such as coronary heart disease and stroke. Therefore, the combination of MAFLD/NASH is associated with vascular risk and CVD progression, but the underlying mechanisms linking MAFLD/NASH and CVD are still under investigation. Several underlying mechanisms may probably be involved, including hepatic/systemic insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, as well as pro-atherogenic, pro-coagulant, and pro-inflammatory mediators released from the steatotic/inflamed liver. MAFLD is strongly associated with insulin resistance, which is involved in its pathogenesis and progression to NASH. Insulin resistance is a major cardiovascular risk factor in subjects without diabetes. However, T2D has been considered the most common link between MAFLD/NASH and CVD. This review summarizes the evidence linking obesity with MAFLD, NASH, and CVD, considering the pathophysiological molecular mechanisms involved in these diseases. We also discuss the association of MAFLD and NASH with the development and progression of CVD, including structural and functional cardiac alterations, and pharmacological strategies to treat MAFLD/NASH and cardiovascular prevention. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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