Characterization of H7N9 influenza A viruses isolated from humans

Autor: Yuriko Tomita, Yukihiko Sugita, Dongming Zhao, Masato Hatta, Shinya Yamada, Tomokazu Tamura, Eileen A. Maher, Takato Odagiri, Noriko Nakajima, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Mutsumi Ito, Masayuki Shirakura, Amie J. Eisfeld, Masaki Imai, Eiryo Kawakami, Seiya Yamayoshi, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Shinji Watanabe, Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Ryan McBride, Takeshi Noda, Hiroshi Kida, Ryuta Uraki, Hiroaki Katsura, Gongxun Zhong, Noriko Kishida, Anthony Hanson, Hideki Hasegawa, Robert P. de Vries, Hirotaka Imai, Naomi Fujimoto, Satoshi Fukuyama, Takehiko Saito, Shintaro Shichinohe, Makoto Ozawa, Reina Yamaji, Izumi Ishikawa, Yuko Sakai-Tagawa, Gabriele Neumann, Shufang Fan, Jihui Ping, Yuko Uchida, Masato Tashiro, James C. Paulson, Maki Kiso, Tokiko Watanabe, Shin Murakami, Emi Takashita, Kazue Goto, Yoshihiro Sakoda
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
Zdroj: Nature
ISSN: 1476-4687
0028-0836
Popis: Avian influenza A viruses rarely infect humans; however, when human infection and subsequent human-to-human transmission occurs, worldwide outbreaks (pandemics) can result. The recent sporadic infections of humans in China with a previously unrecognized avian influenza A virus of the H7N9 subtype (A(H7N9)) have caused concern owing to the appreciable case fatality rate associated with these infections (more than 25%), potential instances of human-to-human transmission, and the lack of pre-existing immunity among humans to viruses of this subtype. Here we characterize two early human A(H7N9) isolates, A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) and A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9); hereafter referred to as Anhui/1 and Shanghai/1, respectively. In mice, Anhui/1 and Shanghai/1 were more pathogenic than a control avian H7N9 virus (A/duck/Gunma/466/2011 (H7N9); Dk/GM466) and a representative pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus (A/California/4/2009 (H1N1pdm09); CA04). Anhui/1, Shanghai/1 and Dk/GM466 replicated well in the nasal turbinates of ferrets. In nonhuman primates, Anhui/1 and Dk/GM466 replicated efficiently in the upper and lower respiratory tracts, whereas the replicative ability of conventional human influenza viruses is typically restricted to the upper respiratory tract of infected primates. By contrast, Anhui/1 did not replicate well in miniature pigs after intranasal inoculation. Critically, Anhui/1 transmitted through respiratory droplets in one of three pairs of ferrets. Glycan arrays showed that Anhui/1, Shanghai/1 and A/Hangzhou/1/2013 (H7N9) (a third human A(H7N9) virus tested in this assay) bind to human virus-type receptors, a property that may be critical for virus transmissibility in ferrets. Anhui/1 was found to be less sensitive in mice to neuraminidase inhibitors than a pandemic H1N1 2009 virus, although both viruses were equally susceptible to an experimental antiviral polymerase inhibitor. The robust replicative ability in mice, ferrets and nonhuman primates and the limited transmissibility in ferrets of Anhui/1 suggest that A(H7N9) viruses have pandemic potential.
Databáze: OpenAIRE