Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-cytokine storm neutralizing antibody therapies against COVID-19: update, challenges, and perspectives

Autor: Cassiano Martin Batista, Leonardo Foti
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Disease
Pandemic
CP
Convalescent plasma
Immunology and Allergy
IL
Interleukin
Neutralizing antibody
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019
biology
Transmission (medicine)
FDA
US Food and Drug Administration
MERS-CoV
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
respiratory system
IFN
Interferon
cytokine storm
Spike Glycoprotein
Coronavirus
IVHI
Intravenous hyperimmune immunoglobulin
Cytokines
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
Cytokine Release Syndrome
CLO
Chloroquine
Immunology
passive immunotherapy
Lung injury
Virus
Article
SARS-CoV
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
WHO
World Health Organization
Proinflammatory cytokine
ACE2
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
medicine
Humans
NTD
N-terminal domain
ADE
Antibody-dependent enhanced disease
Pandemics
RBM
Receptor-binding motif
S
Spike virus protein
Pharmacology
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
business.industry
SARS-CoV-2
fungi
nAbs
Neutralizing antibodies
TNF
Tumor necrosis factor
COVID-19
HCLO
Hydroxychloroquine
ABT
Antibody-based treatments
spike
antibody-based treatments
medicine.disease
IVIG
Intravenous immune globulin
Antibodies
Neutralizing
respiratory tract diseases
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
neutralizing
biology.protein
RBD
Receptor-binding domain
Cytokine storm
business
mAbs
Monoclonal antibodies
Zdroj: International Immunopharmacology
ISSN: 1878-1705
1567-5769
Popis: Graphical abstract SARS-CoV-2 infected alveoli and the different types of the two antibody-based treatments discussed in this review. Can antibodies be used to protect against COVID-19 and neutralize autoantibodies?
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic since March 2020. This disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The only available tools to avoid contamination and transmission of this virus are physical distancing, the use of N95 and surgical masks, and hand hygiene. Vaccines are another essential tool to reduce the impact of the pandemic, though these present challenges in terms of production and logistics, particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries. One of the critical early research findings is the interaction of the spike virus protein with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) human receptor. Developing strategies to block this interaction has therefore been identified as a way to treat this infection. Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) have emerged as a therapeutic approach since the pandemic started. Infected patients may be asymptomatic or present with mild symptoms, and others may evolve to moderate or severe disease, leading to death. An immunological phenomenon known as cytokine storm has been observed in patients with severe disease characterized by a proinflammatory cytokine cascade response that leads to lung injury. Thus, some treatment strategies focus on anti-cytokine storm nAbs. This review summarizes the latest advances in research and clinical trials, challenges, and perspectives on antibody-based treatments (ABT) as therapies against COVID-19.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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