Neurogliaform cortical interneurons derive from cells in the preoptic area
| Autor: | Greta Limoni, Mathieu Niquille, Foivos Markopoulos, Christelle Cadilhac, Julien Prados, Anthony Holtmaat, Alexandre Dayer |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Mouse Action Potentials Gene Expression ddc:616.89 0302 clinical medicine Cortex (anatomy) Biology (General) Cerebral Cortex Microscopy Confocal General Neuroscience Information processing General Medicine Preoptic area medicine.anatomical_structure Cerebral cortex Nerve cells Cortex Medicine Research Article Cell type QH301-705.5 Science Green Fluorescent Proteins Mice Transgenic Nerve Tissue Proteins Cell lineage Biology Development General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology 03 medical and health sciences Interneurons medicine Animals Cell Lineage development Homeodomain Proteins General Immunology and Microbiology interneurons Preoptic Area ddc:616.8 Mice Inbred C57BL Reelin Protein 030104 developmental biology nervous system Neuron Receptors Serotonin 5-HT3 Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Transcription Factors |
| Zdroj: | eLife eLife, Vol. 7, No e32017 (2018) pp. 1-24 eLife, Vol 7 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 2050-084X |
| Popis: | Delineating the basic cellular components of cortical inhibitory circuits remains a fundamental issue in order to understand their specific contributions to microcircuit function. It is still unclear how current classifications of cortical interneuron subtypes relate to biological processes such as their developmental specification. Here we identified the developmental trajectory of neurogliaform cells (NGCs), the main effectors of a powerful inhibitory motif recruited by long-range connections. Using in vivo genetic lineage-tracing in mice, we report that NGCs originate from a specific pool of 5-HT3AR-expressing Hmx3+ cells located in the preoptic area (POA). Hmx3-derived 5-HT3AR+ cortical interneurons (INs) expressed the transcription factors PROX1, NR2F2, the marker reelin but not VIP and exhibited the molecular, morphological and electrophysiological profile of NGCs. Overall, these results indicate that NGCs are a distinct class of INs with a unique developmental trajectory and open the possibility to study their specific functional contribution to cortical inhibitory microcircuit motifs. eLife digest Our brain contains over a 100 billion nerve cells or neurons, and each of them is thought to connect to over 1,000 other neurons. Together, these cells form a complex network to convey information from our surroundings or transmit messages to designated destinations. This circuitry forms the basis of our unique cognitive abilities. In the cerebral cortex – the largest region of the brain – two main types of neurons can be found: projection neurons, which transfer information to other regions in the brain, and interneurons, which connect locally to different neurons and harmonize this information by inhibiting specific messages. The over 20 different types of known interneurons come in different shapes and properties and are thought to play a key role in powerful computations such as learning and memory. Since interneurons are hard to track, it is still unclear when and how they start to form and mature as the brain of an embryo develops. For example, one type of interneurons called the neurogliaform cells, have a very distinct shape and properties. But, until now, the origin of this cell type had been unknown. To find out how neurogliaform cells develop, Niquille, Limoni, Markopoulos et al. used a specific gene called Hmx3 to track these cells over time. With this strategy, the shapes and properties of the cells could be analyzed. The results showed that neurogliaform cells originate from a region outside of the cerebral cortex called the preoptic area, and later travel over long distances to reach their final location. The cells reach the cortex a few days after their birth and take several weeks to mature. These results suggest that the traits of a specific type of neuron is determined very early in life. By labeling this unique subset of interneurons, researchers will now be able to identify the specific molecular mechanisms that help the neurogliaform cells to develop. Furthermore, it will provide a new strategy to fully understand what role these cells play in processing information and guiding behavior. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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