The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from Different Sources in Bone Development
| Autor: | Efrat Monsonego-Ornan, Janna Vernikov, Betty Schwartz, Shelley Griess-Fishheimer, Tamar Travinsky, Reut Rozner, Ronit Mesilati-Stahy, Svetlana Penn, Nurit Argov-Argaman, Ron Shahar |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty RNA-sequencing Gene Expression lcsh:TX341-641 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Endogeny Mice Transgenic Bone and Bones Article Bone remodeling Transcriptome bone mechanics 03 medical and health sciences Mice 0302 clinical medicine Fish Oils Internal medicine Fatty Acids Omega-6 growth plate Fatty Acids Omega-3 medicine Animals n-6 fatty acids Bone mineral chemistry.chemical_classification Nutrition and Dietetics Bone Development Fatty Acids Fatty acid food and beverages X-Ray Microtomography Fish oil n-3 fatty acids Diet Mice Inbred C57BL 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry Liver Mechanical Tests Female lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Essential nutrient lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Food Science Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients Volume 12 Issue 11 Nutrients, Vol 12, Iss 3494, p 3494 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/nu12113494 |
| Popis: | N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential nutrients that must be obtained from the diet. We have previously showed that endogenous n-3 PUFAs contribute to skeletal development and bone quality in fat-1 mice. Unlike other mammals, these transgenic mice, carry the n-3 desaturase gene and thus can convert n-6 to n-3 PUFAs endogenously. Since this model does not mimic dietary exposure to n-3 PUFAs, diets rich in fish and flaxseed oils were used to further elucidate the role of n-3 PUFAs in bone development. Our investigation reveals that dietary n-3 PUFAs decrease fat accumulation in the liver, lower serum fat levels, and alter fatty acid (FA) content in liver and serum. Bone analyses show that n-3 PUFAs improve mechanical properties, which were measured using a three-point bending test, but exert complex effects on bone structure that vary according to its source. In a micro-CT analysis, we found that the flaxseed oil diet improves trabecular bone micro-architecture, whereas the fish oil diet promotes higher bone mineral density (BMD) with no effect on trabecular bone. The transcriptome characterization of bone by RNA-seq identified regulatory mechanisms of n-3 PUFAs via modulation of the cell cycle and peripheral circadian rhythm genes. These results extend our knowledge and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling regulation induced by different sources of dietary n-3 PUFAs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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